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Shloka 40

Rudra-Śiva: Names, Two Natures, and the Logic of Epithets (रुद्रनाम-बहुरूपत्व-प्रकरणम्)

अतिथिदव्रतता धर्मों धर्मस्त्रेताग्निधारणम्‌ | इष्टी क्ष पशुबन्धां श्व विधिपूर्व समाचरेत्‌

atithidavr̥tatā dharmo dharmas tretāgnidhāraṇam | iṣṭīś ca paśubandhāṁś ca vidhpūrvam samācaret ||

Mahādeva phán: “Đối với người ấy, dharma là bền lòng trong bổn phận đối với khách—đón tiếp và tôn kính atithi—và cũng là dharma gìn giữ ba ngọn lửa thiêng trong gia đình. Người ấy còn phải cử hành đúng phép các lễ tế khác nhau (iṣṭi) và các nghi thức hiến tế động vật theo quy định, đúng trình tự.”

अतिथिदव्रतताthe vow/practice of giving to guests
अतिथिदव्रतता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि-द-व्रतता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty; righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मःduty; righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रेताग्निधारणम्maintaining the three sacred fires
त्रेताग्निधारणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रेता-अग्नि-धारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इष्टीःsacrificial rites (iṣṭis)
इष्टीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइष्टि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पशुबन्धान्animal-ties/animal-offerings (paśubandhas)
पशुबन्धान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपशु-बन्ध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विधिपूर्वम्according to rule; duly
विधिपूर्वम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधि-पूर्व
समाचरेत्should practice/perform
समाचरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

Ś
Śrī Mahēśvara (Śiva)
A
Atithi (guest)
T
Tretāgni (three sacred fires)
I
Iṣṭi (sacrificial rites)
P
Paśubandha (animal-offering rite)

Educational Q&A

Dharma for a householder includes ethical hospitality to guests and disciplined maintenance of sacred obligations—especially preserving the three household fires and performing prescribed Vedic rites correctly (vidhi-pūrvam).

Śrī Mahēśvara is instructing on normative dharma: he enumerates key duties—honoring guests, sustaining the three fires, and conducting sacrifices—presenting them as foundational practices of righteous living.