Previous Verse
Next Verse

Mahabharata — Anushasana Parva, Shloka 11

अत्रेः तपोबलप्रकाशः तथा च्यवनस्य सोमाधिकारः

Atri’s Illumination by Tapas; Cyavana and Soma-Entitlement

क्षेत्रप्रतिग्रहे चैव ग्रहसूतकयोस्तथा । त्रीणि रात्राण्युपोषित्वा तेन पापाद्‌ विमुच्यते

kṣetrapratigrahe caiva grahasūtakayostathā | trīṇi rātrāṇyupoṣitvā tena pāpād vimucyate ||

Bhīṣma nói: “Nếu ai nhận tặng đất đai—nhất là vào lúc nhật/nguyệt thực hoặc trong thời kỳ ô uế nghi lễ (sūtaka)—thì phải chuộc lỗi bằng cách nhịn ăn ba đêm; nhờ sự giữ giới ấy mà được giải khỏi tội do việc thọ nhận gây ra.” Lời dạy cho thấy dharma rất cẩn trọng về thời điểm và sự thanh tịnh của các giao dịch, đặt ra một phép sám tịnh vừa mực thay vì phủ nhận bổn phận xã hội.

क्षेत्रin/with regard to a field
क्षेत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रतिग्रहेin accepting (a gift)
प्रतिग्रहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिग्रह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ग्रहof an eclipse
ग्रह:
TypeNoun
Rootग्रह
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सूतकयोःof (two kinds of) impurity/defilement
सूतकयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootसूतक
FormNeuter, Genitive, Dual
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
रात्राणिnights
रात्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
उपोषित्वाhaving fasted
उपोषित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-वास्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
तेनby that/thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
पापात्from sin/fault
पापात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपाप
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
विमुच्यतेis freed/released
विमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-मुच्
FormPresent, Indicative, Passive, Third, Singular

भीष्य उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
kṣetra (land/field)
G
graha (eclipse)
S
sūtaka (ritual impurity)

Educational Q&A

Accepting gifts (especially land) at ritually sensitive times like an eclipse or during sūtaka can generate fault; a specific, limited penance—fasting for three nights—purifies the receiver and removes the resulting demerit.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s dharma-instruction, Bhīṣma is teaching norms of conduct and expiation. Here he gives a practical rule: if one has accepted a land-gift under eclipse-time or impurity conditions, one should perform a three-night fast as atonement.