Shloka 12

Śiva-nāmānukīrtana-prastāvaḥ

Prologue to the praise of Śiva and the Upamanyu testimony

Devanagari script

पूर्ण वर्षमहस्रं तु तप्तवानेष माधव: । प्रसाद्य वरदं देवं चराचरगुरुं शिवम्‌,इन माधवने वरदायक देवता चराचरगुरु भगवान्‌ शिवको प्रसन्न करते हुए पूर्वकालमें पूरे एक हजार वर्षतक तपस्या की थी

Transliteration

pūrṇa-varṣa-sahasraṃ tu taptavān eṣa mādhavaḥ | prasādya varadaṃ devaṃ carācaraguruṃ śivam ||

Translation

Bhīṣma nói: Mādhava này thuở xưa đã tu khổ hạnh trọn một ngàn năm. Nhờ sự tinh cần ấy, Ngài làm Śiva hoan hỷ—đấng ban ân phúc, bậc thầy của mọi loài hữu động và vô động.

Word by Word

• पूर्णम्: full, complete
• पूर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पूर्ण
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• वर्ष: year
• वर्ष: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• सहस्रम्: a thousand
• सहस्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• तप्तवान्: having performed austerity
• तप्तवान्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: तप्
• Form: क्तवतु (past active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• एषः: this (man)
• एषः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• माधवः: Mādhava (Krishna)
• माधवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: माधव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रसाद्य: having pleased/propitiated
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + सद्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• वरदम्: boon-giving
• वरदम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वरद
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• देवम्: god
• देवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• चराचरगुरुम्: teacher of the moving and unmoving (beings)
• चराचरगुरुम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चराचरगुरु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• शिवम्: Śiva
• शिवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Mādhava (Viṣṇu/Kṛṣṇa)
• Śiva

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Spiritual attainment and divine favor are portrayed as arising from sustained discipline (tapas) and sincere propitiation; even the greatest figures seek legitimacy and power through devotion and ethical self-restraint.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma recounts an earlier episode in which Mādhava undertook a thousand-year austerity to please Śiva, described as the boon-giving lord and universal guru, setting up the context for a granted boon or divine sanction.