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Shloka 32

अध्याय १२८: शिव–उमा संवादः — तिलोत्तमा, श्मशान-मेध्यता, तथा चातुर्वर्ण्य-धर्मः

Chapter 128: Śiva–Umā Dialogue—Tilottamā, the Ritual Valence of the Śmaśāna, and the Fourfold Duty-Code

साधून्‌ गृहस्थान्‌ दृष्टवा च तथा साधून्‌ वनेचरान्‌ । मुक्तांक्षावसथे सक्तांस्तेनासि हरिण: कृश:

sādhūn gṛhasthān dṛṣṭvā ca tathā sādhūn vanecarān | muktākṣāvasathe saktāṁs tenāsi hariṇaḥ kṛśaḥ ||

Bà-la-môn nói: “Thấy những người hiền thiện giữa hàng gia chủ, lại thấy những người hiền thiện sống nơi rừng núi; và cũng thấy kẻ tuy xưng là ly tham, nhưng vẫn quyến luyến các chốn được gọi là ‘giải thoát’ như ẩn viện và tịnh xá—bởi thế, hỡi nai, ngươi trở nên tái nhợt và gầy mòn.”

साधून्good/virtuous people
साधून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गृहस्थान्householders
गृहस्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगृहस्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for ktvā)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
साधून्good/virtuous people
साधून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वनेचरान्forest-dwellers
वनेचरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवनेचर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
मुक्त-अङ्क्ष-अवसथेin the abode of the liberated/renunciants (monastery/hermitage)
मुक्त-अङ्क्ष-अवसथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमुक्त + अङ्क्ष + अवसथ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सक्तान्attached/clinging
सक्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural, क्त (past passive participle from √सञ्ज्/√सक्त् 'to cling')
तेनtherefore/by that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
हरिणःO deer
हरिणः:
TypeNoun
Rootहरिण
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कृशःthin/weak
कृशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (a brāhmaṇa speaker)
हरिण (deer)
गृहस्थ (householders)
वनेचर (forest-dwellers)
वासथ/आवास (dwelling/abode; hermitage/monastic lodging implied)

Educational Q&A

Virtue is not confined to one life-stage: goodness can exist among householders and forest-dwellers alike. Conversely, even those who appear ‘liberated’ may still be attached to institutions or abodes. The teaching urges discernment—judge by inner detachment and conduct, not by external labels.

A brāhmaṇa addresses a deer, explaining the deer’s pallor and thinness as arising from what it has observed: genuine sādhus in different ways of life, and also people who claim renunciation yet remain attached to their dwellings. The speech frames a moral reflection on mixed examples in society and their effect on the observer.