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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 122 — Śruta-vṛtta-yukta Brāhmaṇa and the Ethics of Dāna

Maitreya–Vyāsa Saṃvāda

वाग्बुद्धिपाणिपादैश्व व्यपेतस्य विपश्चित: । कि हास्यति मनुष्यस्य मन्दस्यापि हि जीवत:

vāgbuddhipāṇipādaiś ca vyapetasya vipaścitaḥ | kiṃ hāsyati manuṣyasya mandasyāpi hi jīvataḥ ||

Vyāsa nói: “Dẫu một người có trí tuệ, nhưng khi bị tước mất lời nói, sự hiểu biết, và khả năng dùng tay chân, thì khi còn sống người ấy có thể làm được gì? Ngay cả kẻ đần độn, miễn còn sống với những năng lực ấy nguyên vẹn, cũng còn có thể hành động và gánh vác điều mà đời sống đòi hỏi.”

वाक्speech
वाक्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिintellect
बुद्धि:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पाणिhand
पाणि:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पादैःwith feet
पादैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
व्यपेतस्यof one deprived (of), departed from
व्यपेतस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यपेत
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
विपश्चितःof the wise man
विपश्चितः:
TypeNoun
Rootविपश्चित्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम्
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यतिis / exists
अस्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मनुष्यस्यof a man
मनुष्यस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मन्दस्यof a dull/slow (person)
मन्दस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
हिfor, indeed
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
जीवतःof one living / while alive
जीवतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootजीवत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
manuṣya (human being)

Educational Q&A

Wisdom alone is not sufficient for effective living; human agency depends on functional faculties—speech, discernment, and bodily capacity. The verse stresses the ethical importance of practical capability: without the means to act, even a wise person cannot fulfill duties, whereas even limited intellect can still manage life when the instruments of action remain.

Vyāsa is making a reflective point within Anuśāsana-parvan’s instruction-oriented discourse: he contrasts a wise person rendered powerless by loss of key faculties with an ordinary or dull person who can still function. The statement supports a broader didactic argument about the conditions required to practice dharma and carry out responsibilities.