Varaha Purana 94.48 — Adhyaya 94, Shloka 48

The Birth of Mahiṣāsura and the Goddess’s Victory as Mahīṣamardinī

Devanagari script

ततो देवगणाः सर्वे महिषं वीक्ष्य निर्जितम् । सब्रह्मका स्तुतिं चक्रुर्देव्यास्तुष्टेन चेतसा ॥

Transliteration

tato devagaṇāḥ sarve mahiṣaṁ vīkṣya nirjitam | sabrahmakā stutiṁ cakrur devyās tuṣṭena cetasā ||

Translation

پھر تمام دیوتاؤں کے گروہ، مہیش کو مغلوب دیکھ کر، برہما سمیت خوش دل ہو کر دیوی کی حمد و ثنا کا گیت گانے لگے۔

Word by Word

• ततः: then
• ततः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अनन्तरवाचक (adverb)

• देव-गणाः: groups of gods
• देव-गणाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन

• सर्वे: all
• सर्वे: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन (qualifying devagaṇāḥ)

• महिषम्: the buffalo(-demon)
• महिषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन

• वीक्ष्य: having seen
• वीक्ष्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वीक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund)

• निर्जितम्: defeated
• निर्जितम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्-जि (धातु) → निर्जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (qualifying mahiṣam)

• स-ब्रह्मकाः: together with Brahmā
• स-ब्रह्मकाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय-उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + क (प्रातिपदिक प्रत्ययार्थ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन (qualifying devagaṇāḥ; ‘having Brahmā along’)

• स्तुतिम्: praise
• स्तुतिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तुति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन

• चक्रुः: made / performed
• चक्रुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect); प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• देव्याः: of/for the goddess
• देव्याः: Sampradāna/Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी विभक्ति; एकवचन

• तुष्टेन: pleased
• तुष्टेन: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष् (धातु) → तुष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; एकवचन (agreeing with cetasā)

• चेतसा: with (their) mind/heart
• चेतसा: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; एकवचन

Speaker

Varāha (default dialogue framework; explicit speaker not marked in this verse)

Varaha Avatara Context

Varaha Avatara Context: {"is_varaha_focus":false,"aspect_highlighted":"None","boar_form_detail":"None","earth_interaction":"None"}

Bhu Devi Dialogue

Bhu Devi Dialogue: {"is_dialogue":false,"speaker_role":"observer","bhu_devi_state":"None","key_question":"None"}

Mathura Mandala

Mathura Mandala: {"is_mathura_related":false,"specific_site":"None","parikrama_context":"None","krishna_connection":"None"}

Dharma Shastra

Dharma Shastra: {"has_dharma_rule":false,"topic":"None","instruction_summary":"None","karmic_consequence":"None"}

Vrata Mahatmya

Vrata Mahatmya: {"has_vrata":false,"vrata_name":"None","tithi_month":"None","promised_fruit":"None"}

Cosmic Boar Symbolism

Cosmic Boar Symbolism: {"has_symbolism":false,"symbolic_interpretation":"None","yajna_varaha_imagery":"None","vedantic_connection":"None"}

Philosophical Teaching

Philosophical Teaching: {"has_teaching":true,"teaching_type":"bhakti","core_concept":"Right response to divine protection is collective gratitude and praise (stuti) with a satisfied, purified mind.","practical_application":"After overcoming obstacles, offer thanks and recite hymns; cultivate communal worship rather than private pride."}

Subject Matter

Subject Matter: ["Mythic Warfare","Hymnology","Divine Assemblies"]

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Geographic Context

Type: divine assembly (post-battle)

Cross References

Related Themes: Varaha Purana 94.94.53 (opening of the stuti: 'devā ūcuḥ')

Visual Art Cues

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A grand assembly of gods, with Brahmā among them, beholds the defeated Mahīṣa and begins a hymn of praise to Devī, faces calm and satisfied.","item_prompts":["rows of devas with folded hands","Brahmā with four faces (iconic)","subdued Mahīṣa (buffalo-asura) in background","Devī enthroned or standing","gesture of stuti (añjali)"],"kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: symmetrical divine court, Brahmā prominent, Devī central with ornate jewelry; subdued Mahīṣa as a small background element.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: Devī central with heavy gold work; devas in smaller registers; Brahmā identifiable; subdued Mahīṣa at base.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: refined court scene, soft expressions of relief; detailed crowns and textiles.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari: clustered devas in bright attire, Devī as focal figure; narrative simplicity with clear gestures of praise."}

Audio Atmosphere

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"devotional-ceremonial","suggested_raga":"Kalyani","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"clear, uplifted, reverent"}

Tags

• Purāṇic Narrative
• Śākta Traditions
• Devotional Literature (Descriptive)

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It documents a hymn-context (stuti) embedded in narrative, a key Purāṇic compositional feature that links mythic victory to liturgical-style praise.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is identified in this verse.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse foregrounds collective acknowledgment of restored order through praise, presenting gratitude and recognition as socially valued responses to the removal of harm.