Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 5

Devanagari script

कृते जनार्दनोनाम त्रेतायां मधुसूदनः । द्वापरे पुण्डरीकाक्षः कलौ नारायणः स्मृतः

Transliteration

kṛte janārdanonāma tretāyāṃ madhusūdanaḥ | dvāpare puṇḍarīkākṣaḥ kalau nārāyaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ

Translation

کرت یگ میں وہ ‘جناردن’ کے نام سے معروف ہے؛ تریتا میں ‘مدھوسودن’؛ دواپر میں ‘پُنڈریکاکش’؛ اور کلی میں ‘نارائن’ کے طور پر یاد کیا جاتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• कृते: in the Kṛta (age)
• कृते: Adhikarana (Time/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन; ‘कृतयुगे’ इत्यर्थे

• जनार्दनः: Janārdana
• जनार्दनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• नाम: by name
• नाम: Sambandha (Naming particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नाम (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; नामार्थक निपात (quotative/‘by name’)

• त्रेतायाम्: in Tretā (age)
• त्रेतायाम्: Adhikarana (Time/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रेता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• मधुसूदनः: Madhusūdana
• मधुसूदनः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधु + सूदन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—मधुं सूदयति इति

• द्वापरे: in Dvāpara (age)
• द्वापरे: Adhikarana (Time/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वापर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• पुण्डरीकाक्षः: Puṇḍarīkākṣa (lotus-eyed)
• पुण्डरीकाक्षः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुण्डरीक + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः—पुण्डरीक इव अक्षिणी यस्य सः

• कलौ: in Kali (age)
• कलौ: Adhikarana (Time/काल)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन

• नारायणः: Nārāyaṇa
• नारायणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारायण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• स्मृतः: is remembered/called
• स्मृतः: Kriya (Predicate—passive sense/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘is remembered/called’ (elliptic ‘अस्ति’)

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) to the sages (contextual attribution within Prabhāsa Khaṇḍa narration)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra (nāma-smaraṇa focus)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A four-panel yuga tableau: Kṛta—Janārdana; Tretā—Madhusūdana; Dvāpara—Puṇḍarīkākṣa; Kali—Nārāyaṇa, with Prabhāsa as the unifying sacred backdrop.

Characters & Entities

• Janārdana
• Madhusūdana
• Puṇḍarīkākṣa
• Nārāyaṇa
• Kṛta-yuga
• Tretā-yuga
• Dvāpara-yuga
• Kali-yuga

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The One Lord is approached through different names across the yugas; remembrance (smṛti) of Nārāyaṇa is emphasized for Kali-yuga devotion.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsakṣetra (Prabhāsa), specifically the Nārāyaṇa-gṛha context within its Māhātmya.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No direct ritual is prescribed here; it provides a yuga-wise theological identification of the Lord’s names for remembrance and worship.