Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

सुरपितृमनुजयक्षसेवितमसुरनिशाचरसिद्धवंदितम् । वरकनकहुताशनप्रभं त्वमपि नम हिताय भास्करम्

Transliteration

surapitṛmanujayakṣasevitamasuraniśācarasiddhavaṃditam | varakanakahutāśanaprabhaṃ tvamapi nama hitāya bhāskaram

Translation

اپنے بھلے کے لیے بھاسکر (سورج) کو نمسکار کرو—جسے دیوتا، پِتر، انسان اور یکش سیوتے ہیں؛ جسے اسور، نشاچر اور سدھ بندگی کرتے ہیں؛ اور جو عمدہ سونے اور دہکتے ہوئے آگ کی مانند درخشاں ہے۔

Word by Word

• सुर: gods
• सुर: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• पितृ: manes/ancestors
• पितृ: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• मनुज: humans
• मनुज: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• यक्ष: yakṣas
• यक्ष: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• सेवितम्: served by
• सेवितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier of implied bhāskaram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सेव् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘सेवित’ = served/attended

• असुर: asuras
• असुर: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• निशाचर: night-roamers (demons)
• निशाचर: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक) + चर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (निशायां चरः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• सिद्ध: siddhas
• सिद्ध: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• वंदितम्: praised by
• वंदितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier of implied bhāskaram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वन्द् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वन्दित’ = praised/worshipped

• वर: excellent
• वर: Visheshana (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण, पुं/नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• कनक: gold
• कनक: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• हुताशन: fire (Agni)
• हुताशन: Upamāna (Standard of comparison within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हुत (प्रातिपदिक) + अशन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष (हुतं अश्नाति/हुताशनः = अग्निः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• प्रभम्: radiant like
• प्रभम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समासान्त (…प्रभ = having the radiance of …), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘…-prabham’ qualifying bhāskaram

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि = also/even

• नम: bow (salute)
• नम: Kriya (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘नम’ = bow (you)

• हिताय: for welfare
• हिताय: Sampradana (Purpose/Beneficiary)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; प्रयोजन-द्योतक (for the welfare)

• भास्करम्: the Sun (Bhāskara)
• भास्करम्: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator (within Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya context; likely Śiva to Devī)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Sages

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Bhāskara blazing like molten gold and sacrificial fire; around him, devas, pitṛs, humans, yakṣas, asuras, rākṣasas, and siddhas arranged in concentric reverent circles, all offering salutations.

Characters & Entities

• Bhāskara (Sūrya)
• Devas
• Pitṛs
• Yakṣas
• Asuras
• Niśācaras
• Siddhas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sūrya is universally revered across realms; bowing to him aligns one with welfare, vitality, and cosmic order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The praise is embedded in the Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya, linking Sūrya-stuti to the sanctity of Prabhāsa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Namaskāra and worship (stuti) of Bhāskara explicitly for one’s hita (well-being).