Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 36

Devanagari script

खदिरो भूमिपुत्रेण अपामार्गो बुधेन च । अश्वत्थो गुरुणा चैव शुक्रेणोदुम्बरस्तथा

Transliteration

khadiro bhūmiputreṇa apāmārgo budhena ca | aśvattho guruṇā caiva śukreṇodumbarastathā

Translation

خَدِر کو بھومی پُتر (مریخ) نے اختیار کیا ہے، اور اپامارگ کو بُدھ (عطارد) نے؛ اشوتھ کو گرو (برہسپتی) نے، اور اسی طرح اُدُمبَر کو شُکر (زہرہ) نے۔

Word by Word

• खदिरः: Khadira (tree)
• खदिरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: खदिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; वृक्ष-नाम

• भूमिपुत्रेण: by Bhūmiputra (Mars)
• भूमिपुत्रेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भूमि + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्; ‘भूमेः पुत्रः’ = son of Earth (Mars)

• अपामार्गः: Apāmārga (plant)
• अपामार्गः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अपामार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; वनस्पति-नाम

• बुधेन: by Budha (Mercury)
• बुधेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बुध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्; ग्रह-नाम (Mercury)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• अश्वत्थः: Aśvattha (peepal)
• अश्वत्थः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्वत्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; वृक्ष-नाम

• गुरुणा: by Guru (Jupiter)
• गुरुणा: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्; ग्रह-नाम (Jupiter)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्ययम् (emphatic particle)

• शुक्रेण: by Śukra (Venus)
• शुक्रेण: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचनम्; ग्रह-नाम (Venus)

• उदुम्बरः: Udumbara (fig tree)
• उदुम्बरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदुम्बर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः (Nominative/1st), एकवचनम्; वृक्ष-नाम

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक-अव्ययम् (particle: likewise)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from Nāgara-khaṇḍa Tīrthamāhātmya narration style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim-priest arranges four offering bundles: khadira twigs for Maṅgala, apāmārga sprigs for Budha, aśvattha leaves for Guru, udumbara fruit/leaves for Śukra; above, the grahas appear as colored orbs or anthropomorphic deities aligned in the sky.

Characters & Entities

• Bhūmiputra (Mars)
• Budha (Mercury)
• Guru (Jupiter)
• Śukra (Venus)
• Khadira
• Apāmārga
• Aśvattha
• Udumbara

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The cosmos (grahas) and the natural world (plants/trees) are interlinked, making ritual life a harmonizing of celestial and earthly forces.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The verse belongs to a tīrtha-glorification chapter that teaches sacred plant correspondences; no single place-name appears here.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Implied: use or venerate these plants in rites connected with the respective grahas (planetary deities).