Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 7

Devanagari script

अथायुषा वा कार्त्स्न्येन धर्मे दित्सुर्यथैव च । यस्यां भवति चात्मैव ततो जाया निगद्यते

Transliteration

athāyuṣā vā kārtsnyena dharme ditsuryathaiva ca | yasyāṃ bhavati cātmaiva tato jāyā nigadyate

Translation

خواہ پوری عمر کے ساتھ، یا دھرم میں کامل سپردگی کے ساتھ—جس میں انسان کی اپنی ذات ہی پائی جائے—اسی لیے وہ ‘جایا’ (زوجہ) کہلاتی ہے۔

Word by Word

• atha: then, now
• atha: Sambandha (Discourse/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atha (अव्यय)
• Form: आरम्भ/अनन्तर-वाचक अव्यय (then/now)

• āyuṣā: by life-span
• āyuṣā: Karana (Instrument/Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āyus (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• vā: or
• vā: Sambandha (Alternative/विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्प-अव्यय (or)

• kārtsnyena: by entirety, wholly
• kārtsnyena: Karana (Instrument/Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kārtsnya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन

• dharme: in dharma, in righteousness
• dharme: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• ditsuḥ: wishing to give
• ditsuḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dā (दा धातु)
• Form: सन्-इच्छार्थक कृदन्त (desiderative participle), प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘दित्सु’ = दातुम् इच्छन् (desiring to give)

• yathā: as
• yathā: Sambandha (Comparative/प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकार-वाचक अव्यय (as)

• eva: indeed, just
• eva: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis/only)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• yasyām: in whom
• yasyām: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (यद्-प्रातिपदिक, स्त्री)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-प्रत्यय (in whom)

• bhavati: becomes, is
• bhavati: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (Conjunction/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (and)

• ātmā: self
• ātmā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता/विषय), एकवचन

• eva: indeed
• eva: Sambandha (Emphasis/अवधारण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)

• tataḥ: therefore
• tataḥ: Hetu (Reason/हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अपादान/हेतु-वाचक अव्यय (therefore/from that)

• jāyā: wife
• jāyā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jāyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता/उद्देश्य), एकवचन

• nigadyate: is called, is said
• nigadyate: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-gad (गद् धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; उपसर्गः ‘नि-’

Speaker

Daityendra/Vajrāṅga (didactic reflection; implied)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A couple performing a dharmic act together—offering into fire or serving guests—while a subtle aura shows their shared ‘ātma’ center; the word ‘jāyā’ suggested through symbolic birth/renewal motifs (sprouting tree, dawn).

Characters & Entities

• Jāyā (wife)
• Dharma
• Ātman (self)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Marriage is framed as dharmic unity: the wife is honored as intimately connected with one’s very self and life-purpose.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No tīrtha is mentioned; the verse is doctrinal about household dharma.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it provides a dharmic definition/understanding of ‘jāyā’.