Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 13

Devanagari script

पितर्युपरते तस्याः कन्यायाः सा जनन्यपि । शुभव्रता परित्यज्य तां कन्यां पतिमन्वगात्

Transliteration

pitaryuparate tasyāḥ kanyāyāḥ sā jananyapi | śubhavratā parityajya tāṃ kanyāṃ patimanvagāt

Translation

جب اس لڑکی کا باپ دنیا سے رخصت ہوا تو اس کی ماں بھی—نیک عہد کی پابند—اس لڑکی کو چھوڑ کر اپنے شوہر کے پیچھے چل دی۔

Word by Word

• पितरि: when the father
• पितरि: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचन — Locative singular (in/when the father)

• उपरते: having passed away
• उपरते: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप+रम् (धातु) → उपरत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन — ‘having ceased/being dead’ agreeing with पितरि

• तस्याः: of her
• तस्याः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Genitive singular (of her)

• कन्यायाः: of the daughter
• कन्यायाः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचन — Genitive singular (of the girl/daughter)

• सा: she
• सा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular (she)

• जननी: mother
• जननी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जननी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — Nominative singular (mother)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: also/even)

• शुभव्रता: virtuous (good-vowed)
• शुभव्रता: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ + व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — ‘of good vow/conduct’ qualifying सा जननी

• परित्यज्य: having abandoned
• परित्यज्य: Purvakala (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि+त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund) — having abandoned

• ताम्: that (girl)
• ताम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Accusative singular (her/that)

• कन्याम्: daughter
• कन्याम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Accusative singular

• पतिम्: husband
• पतिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचन — Accusative singular (husband)

• अन्वगात्: followed
• अन्वगात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु+गम् (धातु)
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद — followed/went after

Speaker

Skanda (narrating; deduced Kāśīkhaṇḍa frame: Skanda to Agastya)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A widow, austere and resolute, steps toward the funeral path (or symbolic ‘following’), while a young girl stands behind in shock; the Gaṅgā and cremation-ground atmosphere (maśāna) are hinted, with smoke and lamps.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The text portrays an ideal of spousal fidelity framed as vrata-dharma, emphasizing unwavering marital devotion.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tīrtha is named in this verse; it is narrative content within the Kāśīkhaṇḍa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Implicitly references a ‘śubha-vrata’ (noble vow) of marital devotion; no step-by-step rite is specified.