Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 94

Devanagari script

कल्पकोटिशतं साग्रं पर्यायेण पृथक्पृथक् । नरकेषु च सर्वेषु त्रिंशत्कोटिषु संख्यया

Transliteration

kalpakoṭiśataṃ sāgraṃ paryāyeṇa pṛthakpṛthak | narakeṣu ca sarveṣu triṃśatkoṭiṣu saṃkhyayā

Translation

سو کروڑ کلپوں سے بھی زیادہ مدت تک—باری باری، جدا جدا—اسے تمام دوزخوں میں بھگتوایا جاتا ہے، جن کی تعداد تیس کروڑ بتائی گئی ہے۔

Word by Word

• कल्पकोटिशतम्: a hundred crores of kalpas (vast period)
• कल्पकोटिशतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्प (प्रातिपदिक) + कोटि (प्रातिपदिक) + शत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; समासः—‘कल्प-कोटि-शत’ (बहुपद-तत्पुरुष; परिमाणवाचक)

• साग्रम्: with an additional amount
• साग्रम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd), एकवचन; ‘साग्र’ = ‘with an excess/plus (a little more)’

• पर्यायेण: successively
• पर्यायेण: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पर्याय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनरूपेण क्रियाविशेषणवत् (instrumental used adverbially); ‘in succession/one after another’

• पृथक्: separately
• पृथक्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; भेदवाचक

• पृथक्: each separately
• पृथक्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पृथक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; पुनरुक्ति (emphasis)

• नरकेषु: in hells
• नरकेषु: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नरक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Upapada (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक

• सर्वेषु: in all
• सर्वेषु: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन

• त्रिंशत्कोटिषु: among thirty crores (in number)
• त्रिंशत्कोटिषु: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रिंशत् (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + कोटि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन; ‘त्रिंशत्-कोटि’ = त्रिंशत् कोटयः (संख्यापूर्वक-तत्पुरुष/द्विगु-प्राय)

• संख्यया: by count/according to number
• संख्यया: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संख्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; साधन/प्रकारवाचक

Speaker

Yamadūtas (continuation of the judgment narrative)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā-kṣetra (general)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A panoramic infernal cycle: the betrayer is led through multiple hell-realms in sequence; above, a cosmic clock-like kalpa wheel indicating vast time; Yama’s court presides.

Characters & Entities

• Naraka
• Yama

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Karmic consequences can be vast in duration and variety; grave wrongdoing ripens into prolonged suffering across many states.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No single tīrtha is praised in this verse; it belongs to the Revā Khaṇḍa’s broader sacred-geography narrative.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a cosmological-ethical statement about the scale of retribution.