Mantra 52
Rishi: Śukla-Yajurveda school tradition (Agni-hymnic inheritance).
Devata: Agni (Yaviṣṭha).
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (8+8 style, with yajus adaptation).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वं य॑विष्ठ दा॒शुषो॒ नॄँ: पा॑हि शृणु॒धी गिर॑: । रक्षा॑ तो॒कमु॒त त्मना॑
Transliteration
tváṃ yáviṣṭha dāśúṣo nṝ́ṃ pāhi śṛṇudhī́ gíraḥ | rákṣā tókám utá tmánā
Translation
Thou, youngest (Agni), do thou protect the men of the worshipper; hearken thou unto our utterances. Guard thou the offspring, yea, with thine own self.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
त्वम् । य॒विष्ठ॒ । दा॒शुषः॑ । नॄ॒न् । पा॒हि॒ । शृ॒णु॒धीः । गिरः॑ । रक्ष॑ । तो॒कम् । उ॒त । त्मना॑
Word by Word
त्वम्thou / you
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
यविष्ठmost youthful / youngest
यविष्ठ:
कर्तृ (त्वम्-विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (superlative)
Rootयविष्ठ (युव/यव-प्रातिपदिक; अतिशयार्थे -इष्ठ प्रत्यय)
दाशुषःof the worshipper / of the giver
दाशुषः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun (participle used substantively)
Rootदाशुष् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दा/दाश् ‘to give, to worship’—परस्मैपदी/आत्मनेपदी प्रयोगेषु; ‘दाता/यजमानः’)
नॄन्men
नॄन्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनृ (प्रातिपदिक)
पाहिprotect!
पाहि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पालने)
शृणुधीhear! / listen!
शृणुधी:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (श्रवणे)
गिरःsongs / hymns / utterances
गिरः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (प्रातिपदिक)
रक्षprotect!
रक्ष:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√रक्ष् (पालने)
तोकम्offspring / child
तोकम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootतोक (प्रातिपदिक)
उतand also
उत:
समुच्चय (conjunctive)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
त्मनाwith (our) self / in our own person
त्मना:
करण (instrumental: ‘by/with (our) self’)
TypeNoun
Rootत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘self, person’)
Entities Mentioned
A
Agni (Yaviṣṭha)Ritual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes