Rig Veda 9.81.2: Mandala 9, Sukta 81, Mantra 2

Sukta 9.81

Rishi: Not securely inferable from the excerpt alone.

Devata: Soma Pavamāna.

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī (requires verification).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अच्छा हि सोमः कलशाँ असिष्यददत्यो न वोळ्हा रघुवर्तनिर्वृषा । अथा देवानामुभयस्य जन्मनो विद्वाँ अश्नोत्यमुत इतश्च यत् ॥

Transliteration

ácchā hí sómaḥ kalaśā́n ásiṣyad átyo na vóḷhā raghu-vártanir vṛ́ṣā | áthā devā́nām ubháyasya jánmano vidvā́ṃ aśnoty amúta itáś ca yát ||

Translation

For Soma indeed speeds to the jars, like a swift steed bearing the load, a bull with rapid courses. Then the knower attains what belongs to the twofold birth of the gods—what is from yonder and what is from here.

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Word by Word

• अच्छा: towards, hither
• अच्छा: Adhikaraṇa (गत्यर्थे—‘towards’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अञ्च् (अञ्चति) / अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक ‘अच्छा’

• हि: indeed, for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (निपात)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• कलशान्: jars, vessels
• कलशान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कलश (प्रातिपदिक)

• असिष्यदत्: flowed/ran (forth)
• असिष्यदत्: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्यन्द् (स्यन्दते/स्यन्दति) + सन्/इच्छार्थ-प्रयोग (वेद.)

• अत्यः: a steed, horse
• अत्यः: Kartā (उपमान-वाक्ये)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अत्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-निपात)

• वोळ्हा: a carrier, draught-animal
• वोळ्हा: Kartā (उपमान-वाक्ये)
• Type: Noun (agent) / Participle-like
• Root: वह् (वहति) → वोढृ/वोळ्हृ (वेद. रूप)

• रघुवर्तनिः: swift-tracked, moving on swift courses
• रघुवर्तनिः: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रघु + वर्तनिन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• वृषा: bull; vigorous one
• वृषा: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: वृषन्/वृष (प्रातिपदिक)

• अथा: then
• अथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (निपात)

• देवानाम्: of the gods
• देवानाम्: Sambandha (genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• उभयस्य: of both
• उभयस्य: Sambandha
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun-like
• Root: उभय (प्रातिपदिक)

• जन्मनः: of the birth/origin
• जन्मनः: Sambandha
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• विद्वान्: knowing, wise
• विद्वान्: Kartā-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (participle)
• Root: विद् (वेद) → विद्वस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अश्नोति: attains, reaches
• अश्नोति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (अश्नोति)

• अमुतः: from there, thence
• अमुतः: Apādāna (source: ‘from there’)
• Type: Indeclinable/Pronoun (ablatival adverb)
• Root: अमुतस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इतश्च: and from here
• इतश्च: Apādāna (source: ‘from here’)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इतस् + च

• यत्: what, that which
• यत्: Karma (अश्नोति—‘what(ever)’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)