Rig Veda 9.81.1: Mandala 9, Sukta 81, Mantra 1

Sukta 9.81

Rishi: Not securely inferable from the excerpt alone.

Devata: Soma Pavamāna, oriented to Indra’s empowerment.

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (requires verification).

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र सोमस्य पवमानस्योर्मय इन्द्रस्य यन्ति जठरं सुपेशसः । दध्ना यदीमुन्नीता यशसा गवां दानाय शूरमुदमन्दिषुः सुताः ॥

Transliteration

prá sómasya pavamānasyórmaya índrasya yanti jaṭháraṃ su-péśasaḥ | dadhnā́ yad ī́m unnī́tā yaśásā gávāṃ dānā́ya śū́ram úd amandiṣuḥ sutā́ḥ ||

Translation

Forward surge the waves of Soma in his purification; fair-formed, they go to Indra’s belly. When uplifted with curd (with the thickened richness), pressed out, they exhilarate the hero for the giving of the Rays of Light—by glory they raise him upward.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (उपसर्ग) / pra

• सोमस्य: of Soma
• सोमस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक) / soma

• पवमानस्य: of the purifying (Soma)
• पवमानस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: पवमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पू ‘to purify’/√पु ‘to cleanse’, पवते) / pavamāna

• ऊर्मयः: waves, billows
• ऊर्मयः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊर्मि (प्रातिपदिक) / ūrmi

• इन्द्रस्य: of Indra
• इन्द्रस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक) / indra

• यन्ति: go, move
• यन्ति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या (याति) / √yā

• जठरम्: belly, stomach
• जठरम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: जठर (प्रातिपदिक) / jaṭhara

• सुपेशसः: beautiful, well-formed
• सुपेशसः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुपेशस् (सु- + पेशस् ‘form/beauty’) / supeśas

• दध्ना: with curdled milk, with curds
• दध्ना: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: दधन्/दधि (प्रातिपदिक) / dadhan/dadhi

• यत्: when, as
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (relative) / Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / yad

• ईम्: him/it (emphatic particle)
• ईम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ईम् (निपात) / īm

• उन्नीताः: raised up, led upward
• उन्नीताः: कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: उद्-√नी (नेति) → उन्नीत (PPP) / ud-√nī

• यशसा: with glory, by fame
• यशसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस् (प्रातिपदिक) / yaśas

• गवाम्: of cows
• गवाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक) / go

• दानाय: for giving, for a gift
• दानाय: सम्प्रदान
• Type: Noun
• Root: दान (प्रातिपदिक) / dāna

• शूरम्: the hero (Indra)
• शूरम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: शूर (प्रातिपदिक) / śūra

• उद्: up, forth
• उद्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उद् (उपसर्ग) / ud

• अमन्दिषुः: they exhilarated, they made (him) glad
• अमन्दिषुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √मन्द् (मन्दते/मन्दति; ‘to be glad, exhilarate’) with अ-augment? → अमन्दिषुः / √mand

• सुताः: pressed (Soma-draughts)
• सुताः: कर्तृ
• Type: Participle
• Root: सु (PPP ‘pressed’) from √सु/√सव् ‘to press (Soma)’ → सुत / √su