Rig Veda 7.50.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 50, Mantra 3

Sukta 7.50

Rishi: Vasiṣṭha

Devata: Viśve Devāḥ (All Gods) in a cleansing/protective function

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यच्छल्मलौ भवति यन्नदीषु यदोषधीभ्यः परि जायते विषम् । विश्वे देवा निरितस्तत्सुवन्तु मा मां पद्येन रपसा विदत्त्सरुः ॥

Transliteration

yác chalmaláu bhávati yán nadī́ṣu yád óṣadhībhyaḥ pári jā́yate viṣám | víśve devā́ nír itás tát suvantu mā́ māṃ padyéna rápasā vidat tsarúḥ ||

Translation

Whether the poison comes to be in the śalmali, or in the rivers, or is born out of the plants, may all the gods press it out and drive it away from here; let not the stinging hostile power reach me by stealthy step or violent assault.

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Word by Word

• यत्: which, that which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (यत्-तत् सम्बन्धः) / कर्म (यत् = ‘which/that which’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द

• शल्मलौ: on/in the śalmali tree
• शल्मलौ: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्मलि (प्रातिपदिक) ‘silk-cotton tree’

• भवति: arises, becomes
• भवति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू

• यत्: which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नदीषु: in the rivers
• नदीषु: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: which
• यत्: सम्बन्ध/विशेषण
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ओषधीभ्यः: from the herbs/plants
• ओषधीभ्यः: अपादान
• Type: Noun
• Root: ओषधि (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around, forth; (as preverb)
• परि: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• जायते: is born, arises
• जायते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्

• विषम्: poison
• विषम्: कर्तृ (यत्…विषम्… भवति/जायते) / विषय
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष (प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वे: all
• विश्वे: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• निरितः: driving it out; having expelled (it)
• निरितः: कर्तृ-विशेषण / क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Participle/Adjective
• Root: निर्-इ (उपसर्ग ‘निर्’ + धातु ‘इ’), अथवा ‘निरित’ (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक) ‘driven out/removed’

• तत्: that (poison)
• तत्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सुवन्तु: may they drive/press out, may they expel
• सुवन्तु: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: सु (सव्) ‘to press/impel/produce’ (वेदे ‘सुव्’)

• मा: do not; lest
• मा: क्रियानिषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: मा (निषेध-अव्यय)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• पद्येन: by a step/track (by treading)
• पद्येन: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: पद्य (प्रातिपदिक) ‘footstep/track; (by) step’

• रपसा: with violence, with harmful force
• रपसा: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: रपस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘violence, sudden attack, harm’

• विदत्: may (it) find/strike
• विदत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद् (वेदे: ‘to find/meet/come upon’)

• सरुः: the saru (harmful missile/creature)
• सरुः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरु (प्रातिपदिक) ‘missile/arrow; creeping thing’ (वेदे बह्वर्थ)