Rig Veda 4.58.8: Mandala 4, Sukta 58, Mantra 8

Sukta 4.58

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni (Jātavedas) with ghṛta as his nourishing essence

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अभि प्रवन्त समनेव योषाः कल्याण्यः स्मयमानासो अग्निम् । घृतस्य धाराः समिधो नसन्त ता जुषाणो हर्यति जातवेदाः ॥

Transliteration

abhí pravanta sámanā-iva yóṣāḥ kalyā́ṇyaḥ smáyamānāso agním | ghṛtásya dhā́rāḥ samídho nasanta tā́ juṣāṇó haryati jā́ta-vedāḥ ||

Translation

They flow toward Agni like women to a common meeting, beautiful, smiling in their coming. The streams of ghee approach as fuel-sticks; and Jātavedas, taking delight in them, leaps upward in glad intensity.

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• अ॒भि: towards, upon
• अ॒भि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग)

• प्र॑वन्त: (they) stream/flow forth
• प्र॑वन्त: Kriyā (मुख्य क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√वन्/√वृ (प्रवण/प्रवन् ‘to incline/flow’; here as verbal form)

• सम॑ना: in the meeting-place/assembly
• सम॑ना: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: समन (प्रातिपदिक) < सम् + √अन्/√इ (going together) ‘meeting, assembly, common place’

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• योषाः: maidens/women
• योषाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: योषा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘young woman, maiden’

• कल्याण्यः: fair, auspicious
• कल्याण्यः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कल्याणी (प्रातिपदिक) ‘beautiful, auspicious’

• स्मय॑मानासः: smiling
• स्मय॑मानासः: Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √स्मि (स्मयते ‘to smile’) + शानच् (वर्तमानकाले)

• अ॒ग्निम्: Agni (the fire)
• अ॒ग्निम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• घृ॒तस्य॒: of ghee
• घृ॒तस्य॒: Sambandha (षष्ठी) / विशेषण-सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: घृत (प्रातिपदिक) ‘ghee, clarified butter’

• धाराः: streams
• धाराः: Kartā (द्वितीय-क्रिया ‘नसन्त’ इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धारा (प्रातिपदिक) ‘stream, flow’

• स॒मिधः: kindlings, fuel-sticks
• स॒मिधः: Kartā (समुच्चितः ‘धाराः’ सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समिध् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘kindling-stick, fuel’

• नसन्त: approach, come near
• नसन्त: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √नस् (नसति ‘to approach, come near’; वैदिक)

• ता: them
• ता: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जु॑षाणः: accepting, enjoying
• जु॑षाणः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √जुष् (जोषते ‘to enjoy, accept, be pleased with’) + शानच्

• हर्यति: is gladdened/sets in motion (eagerly)
• हर्यति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √हृ/√हर् (हर्यति ‘to become eager/impel; to be delighted’; वैदिक)

• जातवेदाः: Jātavedas (Agni)
• जातवेदाः: Kartā (हर्यति इत्यस्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जातवेदस् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Jātavedas’ (Agni as ‘knower of births/creatures’)