HomeRamayanaYuddha KandaSarga 3Shloka 21
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Shloka 21

लङ्कादुर्गवर्णनम्

Description of Lanka’s Fortifications and Forces

स्थितापारेसमुद्रस्यदूरपारस्यराघव ।नौपथोपिश्चनास्त्यत्रनिरादेशश्चसर्वशः ।।।।

sthitāpāre samudrasya dūrapārasya rāghava | naupatho 'pi ca nāsty atra nirādeśaś ca sarvaśaḥ ||

اے راغھو! وہ سمندر کے اُس پار، بہت دور کے کنارے پر قائم ہے—ایسے سمندر کے پار جسے پار کرنا دشوار ہے؛ وہاں کشتیوں کا راستہ بھی نہیں، اور ہر طرف سے رسائی و گزر کا کوئی امکان نہیں۔

स्थितāsituated
स्थितā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) (of लङ्का understood)
TypeAdjective
Root√sthā (धातु) + kta (क्त) → sthitā
Formकृदन्त (past passive participle), क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; स्त्रीलिङ्ग (f.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.); लङ्काया विशेषणम् (understood)
पारेon the far shore
पारे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootpāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), सप्तमी (Loc./7th), एकवचन (sg.)
समुद्रस्यof the ocean
समुद्रस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsamudra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी (Gen./6th), एकवचन (sg.)
दूरपारस्यwhose crossing is far/difficult
दूरपारस्य:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of समुद्रस्य
TypeAdjective
Rootdūra + pāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.)/नपुंसक (n.) depending on pāra; here agreeing with समुद्रस्य (m. gen. sg.): षष्ठी (Gen./6th), एकवचन (sg.); कर्मधारय: दूरं च तत् पारं च (far-to-cross)
राघवO Raghava
राघव:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), सम्बोधन (Voc.), एकवचन (sg.)
नौपथःa ship-route
नौपथः:
Karta (कर्ता) (of अस्ति/नास्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootnau + patha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.); तत्पुरुष: नौः पथः (ship-route)
अपिeven / also
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अपि-कार (particle: even/also)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, निषेध (negation particle)
अस्तिexists
अस्ति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√as (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd), एकवचन (sg.)
अत्रhere/there
अत्र:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक (adverb of place: here/there)
निरादेशःno indication/landmark
निरादेशः:
Karta (कर्ता) (of अस्ति/नास्ति understood)
TypeNoun
Rootnir-ādeśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (m.), प्रथमा (Nom./1st), एकवचन (sg.)
and
:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चय (conjunction)
सर्वशःeverywhere
सर्वशः:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvaśas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकार/व्याप्ति-वाचक (adverb: everywhere/in every way)

"O Raghava! Lanka is located on the other shore of the ocean. Passage through the sea is not possible. It is away from all and there is nothing around."

R
Rāghava (Rāma)
S
samudra (ocean)
L
Laṅkā (implied)

FAQs

Dharma involves perseverance in righteous aims despite isolation and difficulty; obstacles do not negate duty.

The geographical difficulty of reaching Laṅkā is emphasized: it lies beyond a hard-to-cross ocean with no ordinary route.

Endurance and determination—continuing toward the goal even when normal means are absent.