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Shloka 59

The Greatness of Hari’s Janmāṣṭamī (Jayantī) Vow

ऐश्वर्यमतुलं प्राप्य जन्मन्यत्र यथेप्सितम् । पूर्वविद्धा न कर्त्तव्या तृतीयाषष्ठिरेव च

aiśvaryamatulaṃ prāpya janmanyatra yathepsitam | pūrvaviddhā na karttavyā tṛtīyāṣaṣṭhireva ca

بے مثال دولت و اقبال پا کر اور یہاں اپنی خواہش کے مطابق جنم مل جائے تو ‘پُوروَوِدّھا’ نامی رسم ادا نہ کی جائے؛ بلکہ صرف تِتیہ (تیسری تِتھی) اور شَشٹھی (چھٹی تِتھی) ہی اختیار کی جائیں۔

ऐश्वर्यम्sovereignty/prosperity
ऐश्वर्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootऐश्वर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
अतुलम्incomparable
अतुलम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअतुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ऐश्वर्यम्)
प्राप्यhaving obtained
प्राप्य:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund), ‘having obtained’
जन्मनिin (a) birth
जन्मनि:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), एकवचन
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक अव्यय (adverb of place)
यथाas
यथा:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक अव्यय (adverb ‘as/according to’)
ईप्सितम्desired
ईप्सितम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootईप्सित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा, एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त-प्राय विशेषण (desired)
पूर्वविद्धाpreviously affected (by prior day)
पूर्वविद्धा:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व + विद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (पूर्वेण विद्धा = previously ‘touched/affected’), विशेषण (अष्टमी/तिथि implied)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक अव्यय (negation)
कर्तव्याshould be done
कर्तव्या:
Vidhi/Pratiṣedha (विधि/प्रतिषेध)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Gerundive/Obligatory), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘to be done/should be done’ (with न = should not be done)
तृतीयाthe third (tithi)
तृतीया:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तिथिनाम (third lunar day)
षष्ठिःthe sixth (tithi)
षष्ठिः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootषष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तिथिनाम (sixth lunar day)
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)

Unspecified (context-dependent within Brahma-khaṇḍa 4.13)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes: यथेप्सितम् → यथा + ईप्सितम्; तृतीयाषष्ठिरेव → तृतीया + षष्ठिः + एव.

FAQs

Pūrvaviddhā refers to a calendrical condition where a tithi (lunar day) is ‘touched’ or ‘pierced’ by the previous day; the verse advises that an observance should not be performed under that condition (in this context).

It indicates that, for the ritual rule being taught here, the proper observance is connected specifically with the third and sixth tithis, implying they are the correct timings to follow rather than a pūrvaviddhā timing.

It emphasizes disciplined adherence to dharma through correct ritual timing—prosperity and desired outcomes are linked not only to devotion but also to careful observance of prescribed rules.