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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 13

The Greatness of the Gaṅgā

Gaṅgāmāhātmya

विष्णुपादोद्भवा देवी विश्वेश्वरशिरः स्थिता । संसेव्या मुनिभिर्देवः किं पुनः पामरैर्जनै ॥ १३ ॥

viṣṇupādodbhavā devī viśveśvaraśiraḥ sthitā | saṃsevyā munibhirdevaḥ kiṃ punaḥ pāmarairjanai || 13 ||

اے دیوی! جو وِشنو کے پاؤں سے اُبھری اور وِشوَیشور کے سر پر قائم ہے، وہ مُنیوں کے ذریعہ بھی سَیوِت ہے؛ پھر عام لوگوں کو تو بدرجۂ اَولیٰ اس کی تعظیم کرنی چاہیے۔

viṣṇupādodbhavāarisen from Viṣṇu’s foot
viṣṇupādodbhavā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootviṣṇu + pāda + udbhavā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन (singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (viṣṇoḥ pādaḥ—tasmāt udbhavā: arisen from Viṣṇu’s foot)
devīthe goddess (Gaṅgā)
devī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन (singular)
viśveśvaraśiraḥ(on) the head of Viśveśvara (Śiva)
viśveśvaraśiraḥ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootviśva-īśvara + śiras (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd case; here as locative-sense in compound), एकवचन (singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (viśveśvarasya śiraḥ: the head of Viśveśvara/Śiva)
sthitāsituated/placed
sthitā:
Kriyā (क्रिया/भाव)
TypeVerb
Rootsthā (धातु)
Formक्त (past passive participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन (singular); विधेय (predicate) of devī
saṃsevyāworthy to be served
saṃsevyā:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsev (धातु)
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligatory), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन (singular); ‘to be served/attended’
munibhiḥby sages
munibhiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया (3rd case/instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)
devaḥthe divine one
devaḥ:
Apposition (समनाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन (singular); (पाठे ‘देवः’ सम्भवतः ‘देवी’ इत्यर्थे/सम्बोधन-भ्रान्ति; अर्थतः गङ्गा)
kimwhat (then)
kim:
Emphasis (प्रश्न/उपपत्ति)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत् प्रश्नार्थक; ‘kiṃ punaḥ’ = how much more
punaḥthen/moreover
punaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpunaḥ (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; पुनरर्थक/अधिक्यबोधक (adverb: again; in idiom: much more)
pāmaraiḥby ignorant/common
pāmaraiḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpāmara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया (3rd case/instrumental), बहुवचन (plural); विशेषण of janaiḥ
janaiḥby people
janaiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (masculine), तृतीया (3rd case/instrumental), बहुवचन (plural)

Sanatkumāra (one of the Kumāras), instructing Nārada

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

V
Vishnu
G
Ganga
S
Shiva (Viśveśvara)
S
Sanatkumara
N
Narada

FAQs

The verse establishes Gaṅgā’s supreme sanctity: she is Viṣṇu-pādodbhavā (issuing from Viṣṇu’s feet) and honored even by Viśveśvara (Śiva), so her worship and association are presented as universally purifying and dharmic.

It teaches reverence through hierarchical praise: if realized sages serve her, ordinary devotees should do so with even greater humility—turning sacred service (sevanā) into a practical form of bhakti connected to Viṣṇu and the holy tīrtha tradition.

No specific Vedāṅga (like Vyākaraṇa or Jyotiṣa) is taught directly; the practical takeaway is tīrtha-dharma—serving and honoring a sanctified river (Gaṅgā) as a purificatory religious practice endorsed by the Purāṇic tradition.