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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 7

Varṇāśrama-ācāra: Common Virtues, Varṇa Duties, and the Four Āśramas

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्याः शूद्राश्चत्वार एव ते । वर्णा इति समाख्याता एतेषु ब्राह्मणोऽधिकः ॥ ७ ॥

brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyāḥ śūdrāścatvāra eva te | varṇā iti samākhyātā eteṣu brāhmaṇo'dhikaḥ || 7 ||

برہمن، کشتری، ویش اور شودر—یہی چار ہیں۔ انہیں ‘ورن’ کہا جاتا ہے؛ ان میں برہمن کو برتر مانا گیا ہے۔

ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
क्षत्रियाःKshatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; coordinate)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
वैश्याःVaishyas
वैश्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; coordinate)
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
शूद्राःShudras
शूद्राः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; coordinate)
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
चत्वारःfour
चत्वारः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; appositive)
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर् (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक विशेषण (वर्णाः इत्यर्थे)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयबोधक
एवindeed, only
एव:
Nipata (निपात/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (emphatic particle)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; resumptive)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; निर्देश (those)
वर्णाःclasses (varṇas)
वर्णाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject; predicate class)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Nipata (निपात/Marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; इत्यादि-उद्धरण/निरूपण (quotative marker)
समाख्याताare designated/called
समाख्याता:
Kriya (क्रिया/Predicate; passive participle)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ख्या (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (Past Passive Participle) ‘समाख्यात’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्मणि-भाव (are called)
एतेषुamong these
एतेषु:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
अधिकःsuperior
अधिकः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण/विधेय (comparative sense: superior)

Sanatkumara (in instruction to Narada)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

FAQs

It frames dharma through the fourfold varṇa structure and emphasizes the primacy of the Brahmin as the custodian of Vedic study, teaching, and ritual purity—seen as foundational supports for spiritual order.

While the verse is primarily about social dharma, it implies that disciplined roles—especially Vedic learning and teaching—create the ethical and ritual framework within which Vishnu-bhakti and other spiritual practices can be pursued steadily.

Indirectly, it points to the Brahmin’s traditional responsibility for Vedāṅga-based competencies—such as Śikṣā (phonetics), Vyākaraṇa (grammar), and Kalpa (ritual procedure)—which preserve correct recitation and performance of Vedic rites.