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Shloka 58

Adhyaya 50Mind-Born Progeny, Svayambhuva Manu’s Lineage, and Brahmā’s Ordinance to Duḥsaha (Alakṣmī’s Retinue)

वृथोपवासिनो मर्त्या द्यूतस्त्रीषु सदा रताः ।

त्वद्भाषणोपकर्तारो वैडालव्रतिकाश्च ये ॥

vṛthopavāsino martyā dyūtastrīṣu sadā ratāḥ | tvadbhāṣaṇopakartāro vaiḍālavratikāś ca ye ||

جو مرد بے فائدہ روزے رکھتے ہیں، جو ہمیشہ جوئے اور عورتوں میں مبتلا رہتے ہیں، جو چاپلوسانہ گفتگو سے خوشنودی حاصل کرتے ہیں، اور جو ‘بلی کے ورت’ جیسی ریاکارانہ ریاضت کرتے ہیں—ان کا چلن قابلِ مذمت ہے۔

vṛthāin vain, uselessly
vṛthā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvṛthā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (indeclinable), क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
upavāsinaḥfasters, those who observe fasts
upavāsinaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootupavāsin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
martyāḥmortals, men
martyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmartya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन (Plural)
dyūtagambling
dyūta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootdyūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); समासपूर्वपद (as first member in compound)
strīṣuamong women
strīṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Locative)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), बहुवचन (Plural)
sadāalways
sadā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
ratāḥattached, devoted
ratāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeAdjective
Rootrata (प्रातिपदिक; √ram धातु से क्त participle)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle used adjectivally)
tvadyour
tvad:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध (genitival relation) in compound; अव्यक्त-रूप (stem used in samāsa)
bhāṣaṇaspeech, talk
bhāṣaṇa:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; समासाङ्ग (member of compound)
upakartāraḥhelpers, benefactors
upakartāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootupakartṛ (प्रातिपदिक; √kṛ धातु से तृच्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त (agent noun)
vaiḍālacat (feline)
vaiḍāla:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiḍāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासाङ्ग (member of compound)
vratikāḥvow-observers, ascetics of a vow
vratikāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvratika (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative pronoun)
Unspecified in input; verse addresses a ‘Yakṣa’indicating a counsel-giver speaking to a Yakṣa within the chapter’s dialogue

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bibhatsa", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

DharmaEthicsHouseholder standardsHypocrisy vs true austerityMerit (puṇya) and conduct

FAQs

External religiosity (fasts, vows) is condemned when it is ‘vṛthā’—not aligned with self-restraint and truth. The verse targets common moral failures: addiction (gambling, sensuality) and social deceit (flattery), culminating in ‘vaiḍālavrata’, a stock image for hypocrisy.

Primarily ‘Vṛtti/Ācāra’ style material (practical dharma instruction) rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa/vaṃśānucarita. It functions as ethical guidance embedded in narrative.

The ‘cat-vow’ symbolizes the mind that appears still and pious but is driven by predatory desire. The teaching cautions against tamasic spirituality—ritual used as a mask for craving and manipulation.