Shloka 4

Adhyaya 44 — Subahu’s Counsel to the King of Kashi and Alarka’s Renunciation through Yoga

Sanskrit

ततो मया समाक्रम्य राज्यमस्यानुजस्य ते ।

एतत्ते बलमानितं तद्भुङ्क्ष्वस्वकुलोचितम् ॥

Transliteration

tato mayā samākramya rājyam asyānujasya te |

etat te balam ānītaṃ tad bhuṅkṣva sva-kulocitam ||

Translation

پھر میں نے آپ کے اس چھوٹے بھائی کی سلطنت پر قبضہ کر لیا۔ یہ لشکر اور قوت میں آپ کے پاس لے آیا ہوں؛ اپنے خاندان کے شایانِ شان، جیسا مناسب ہو، اسے قبول کر کے برتو۔

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adverb

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Instrumental Singular (तृतीया एकवचन)

• samākramya: having overrun
• samākramya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√kram (क्रम् धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्), ‘having attacked/overrun’

• rājyam: kingdom
• rājyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन)

• asya: of this (man)/his
• asya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Masculine Genitive Singular (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• anujasya: of the younger brother
• anujasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anuja (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine Genitive Singular (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• te: of you/your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Genitive Singular (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन)

• te: to you
• te: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Dative Singular (चतुर्थी एकवचन)

• balam: by force
• balam: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन) used adverbially ‘by force/with strength’

• ānītam: brought
• ānītam: Karma-sāmānādhikaraṇya (कर्मसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√nī (नी धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kṛdanta past passive participle (क्त, कर्मणि), Neuter Accusative Singular; ‘brought’

• tat: that
• tat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun, Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन)

• bhuṅkṣva: enjoy/possess
• bhuṅkṣva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √bhuj (भुज् धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person Singular (मध्यमपुरुष एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• sva-kula-ucitam: befitting your own lineage
• sva-kula-ucitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sva + kula + ucita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘svasya kulasya ucitam’; Neuter Accusative Singular (द्वितीया एकवचन) qualifying tat

Speakers

• Subāhu

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "vira", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Restitution
• Lineage-based duty
• Transfer of power

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse reflects a dharmic ideal of restitution—returning what is proper to the rightful holder—and frames political authority as accountable to lineage and social order.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita: deeds of kings and succession-related events, a common Purāṇic narrative mode.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Bringing the army’ can symbolize gathering scattered faculties (indriyas/energies) back under rightful inner governance, aligning power with dharma rather than impulse.