Shloka 63

Adhyaya 34 — Madālāsā’s Instruction on Sadācāra (Householder Conduct, Purity, and Daily Rites)

Sanskrit

यादृशं पुरुषस्येह परदाराभिमर्षणम् ।

देवार्चनाग्निकार्याणां तथा गुर्‍वभिवादनम् ॥

Transliteration

yādṛśaṃ puruṣasyeha paradārābhimarṣaṇam | devārcanāgnikāryāṇāṃ tathā gurvabhivādanam ||

Translation

یہاں جو مرد پرائی عورت سے تعلق قائم کرنے میں مبتلا ہو، اس کے لیے بڑا گناہ اور زوال ہے؛ اسی طرح جو دیوتاؤں کی پوجا، اگنی کے ویدک اعمال اور گرو و بزرگوں کو سجدۂ تعظیم ترک کرے، اس پر بھی وہی عیب لازم آتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• yādṛśam: of what kind
• yādṛśam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yādṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); interrogative/relative adjective ‘of what kind’

• puruṣasya: of a man
• puruṣasya: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: puruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pumliṅga (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन)

• iha: here (in this world/context)
• iha: Deśa/Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; deictic adverb (देशवाचक अव्यय)

• para-dāra-abhimarṣaṇam: molesting another’s wife
• para-dāra-abhimarṣaṇam: Karma/Viṣaya (कर्म/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक) + dāra (प्रातिपदिक) + abhimarṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘of others’ wives’ + ‘molestation/touching’

• deva-arcana-agni-kāryāṇām: of (acts of) god-worship and fire-ritual duties
• deva-arcana-agni-kāryāṇām: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक) + arcana (प्रातिपदिक) + agni (प्रातिपदिक) + kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Genitive (6 विभक्ति), Plural (बहुवचन); समाहार-द्वन्द्व: ‘worship of gods’ and ‘fire-rites/duties’ (as a collective)

• tathā: and likewise
• tathā: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction/adverb (समुच्चय/प्रकारवाचक)

• guru-abhivādanam: salutation to the teacher/elders
• guru-abhivādanam: Karma/Viṣaya (कर्म/विषय)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guru (प्रातिपदिक) + abhivādana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative/Accusative (1/2 विभक्ति), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘of the teacher/elders’ + ‘salutation’

Speakers

• Unspecified in input (instructional voice)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "dharma", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Agni (implicit)
• Devas (general)

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Gṛhastha obligations
• Worship
• Agnihotra/Agni duties
• Guru reverence
• Sexual ethics

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Householder dharma is a web: sexual restraint, daily worship, fire-rites, and reverence to elders/teachers are mutually reinforcing; neglect in these is portrayed as spiritually ruinous.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma instruction; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The verse links private conduct (kāma) with sacrificial order (yajña) and transmission of wisdom (guru); breaking any pillar destabilizes one’s inner and outer ‘ṛta’.