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Shloka 40

Adhyaya 20Ritadhvaja’s Companionship with the Naga Princes and the Origin of the Horse Kuvalaya

तत् कथ्यतां महाभाग कार्यवान् येन पुत्रकौ ।

स भूपालसुतः साधुर्येनानृण्यं भवेत वाम् ॥

tat kathyatāṃ mahābhāga kāryavān yena putrakau | sa bhūpāla-sutaḥ sādhur yenānṛṇyaṃ bhavet vām ||

اے نیک بخت! وہ بتاؤ جس سے وہ دونوں بیٹے اپنے کام میں کامیاب ہوں؛ اور اُس دین دار شہزادے کا بھی ذکر کرو جس کے ذریعے تم دونوں کا قرض ادا ہو کر تم بری الذمہ ہو جاؤ۔

tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/object of 'kathyatām')
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; 'that (matter)'
kathyatāmlet (it) be told
kathyatām:
Kriyā (क्रिया/imperative passive)
TypeVerb
Rootkath (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative), कर्मणि प्रयोग (Passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'let it be told'
mahābhāgaO fortunate one
mahābhāga:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, संबोधन (Vocative), एकवचन; कर्मधारय: 'great-fortuned' (address)
kāryavānhaving a purpose
kāryavān:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootkārya (प्रातिपदिक) + -vat (तद्धित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'having a task/purpose'
yenaby which
yena:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; relative pronoun 'by which/whereby'
putrakauthe two sons
putrakau:
Karta (कर्ता/understood beneficiaries/participants)
TypeNoun
Rootputraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), द्विवचन; 'two sons/boys'
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun
bhūpāla-sutaḥson of a king
bhūpāla-sutaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūpāla (प्रातिपदिक) + suta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: 'son of a king'
sādhuḥvirtuous
sādhuḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootsādhu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; predicate adjective
yenaby which
yena:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; 'by which/whereby'
anṛṇyamfreedom from debt
anṛṇyam:
Karma (कर्म/result/object)
TypeNoun
Rootanṛṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom/Acc), एकवचन; 'freedom from debt/obligation'
bhavetmay become
bhavet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; 'may be/should become'
vāmof you two
vām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया/षष्ठी (Acc/Gen) द्विवचन; enclitic pronoun 'of you two/for you two' (here genitive sense with anṛṇyam)
A request addressed to a ‘mahābhāga’ teacher/elder; dual pronouns indicate two addressees/listeners in the scene.

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "karuna", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Dharma of obligation (ṛṇa)Instruction-requestVirtuous exemplar (prince)

FAQs

The verse frames learning as purposeful: instruction should lead to effective action and to discharge of obligations (ṛṇa). ‘Anṛṇya’ reflects the purāṇic-vedic ethic of repaying debts—especially to parents/teachers/tradition—through right conduct.

Prepares for vaṃśānucarita-style exemplum (story of a virtuous prince), though the verse itself is a dialogic hinge rather than genealogy.

‘Debt’ can be read inwardly as karmic residue; the sought exemplar becomes a template for action that clears inner arrears through dharmic alignment.