Shloka 5

Adhyaya 15 — Karmic Retribution: Rebirths After Naraka and the King’s Compassion in Hell

Sanskrit

भर्तृपिण्डमुपाश्नन् यस्तदिष्टं न निषेवते । सोऽपि मोहसमापन्नो जायते वानरो मृतः ॥

Transliteration

bhartṛpiṇḍamupāśnan yastadiṣṭaṃ na niṣevate / so 'pi mohasamāpanno jāyate vānaro mṛtaḥ

Translation

جو شوہر کے لیے مقررہ پِنڈ کھا لے اور جو اپنے لیے/رسم کے مطابق جو مناسب ہے اسے نہ کھائے، وہ گمراہ شخص مرنے کے بعد بندر کی صورت میں پیدا ہوتا ہے۔

Word by Word

• भर्तृ-पिण्डम्: the husband’s food-ball/portion
• भर्तृ-पिण्डम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक) + पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (भर्तुः पिण्डः)

• उपाश्नन्: eating
• उपाश्नन्: कर्ता (agent; qualifying the subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप + अश् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; परस्मैपद-भाव

• यः: who
• यः: कर्ता (relative subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• तत्-इष्टम्: that prescribed duty/rite
• तत्-इष्टम्: कर्म (object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम) + इष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √इष्/इच्छ्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (तत् एव इष्टम् = that which is prescribed/desired)

• न: not
• न: निषेध (negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation)

• निषेवते: practices, performs
• निषेवते: क्रिया (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि + सेव् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (main subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: सम्बन्ध (particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपेक्षा-अव्यय (also/even)

• मोह-समापन्नः: fallen into delusion
• मोह-समापन्नः: कर्ता-विशेषण (subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मोह (प्रातिपदिक) + समापन्न (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; सम्+आप्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तृतीया/सप्तमी-भावे तत्पुरुषः (मोहं समापन्नः = fallen into delusion)

• जायते: is born, becomes
• जायते: क्रिया (verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• वानरः: a monkey
• वानरः: प्रेडिकेट-नाम (predicate nominative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वानर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मृतः: dead (i.e., after dying)
• मृतः: कर्ता-विशेषण (qualifier: after death)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; मृ धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle)

Speakers

• Not specified in input (didactic narration)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Dharma
• Śrāddha/ritual propriety
• Karma and rebirth
• Moha (delusion)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Ritual resources are not mere ‘food’ but carriers of intention and obligation; misappropriation and neglect of prescribed conduct are treated as delusion that degrades one’s future embodiment.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ancillary dharma teaching (karma-vipāka) rather than one of the five defining Purāṇic topics; it supports the Purāṇa’s role as a dharma-śikṣā text.

What is the esoteric significance?

The monkey image is often used for restless, imitative, undisciplined mind; the rebirth metaphor underscores how ritual irreverence mirrors inner instability.