Shloka 19

Aśauca-vidhi — Rules of Birth/Death Impurity, Sapinda Circles, and Śrāddha Sequence

Devanagari script

अर्वाक् षण्मासतः स्त्रीणां यदि स्याद् गर्भसंस्त्रवः / तदा माससमैस्तासामशौचं दिवसैः स्मृतम्

Transliteration

arvāk ṣaṇmāsataḥ strīṇāṃ yadi syād garbhasaṃstravaḥ / tadā māsasamaistāsāmaśaucaṃ divasaiḥ smṛtam

Translation

اگر عورتوں میں چھ ماہ سے پہلے حمل ساقط ہو جائے، تو ان کا اَشَوچ حمل کے مہینوں کے برابر دنوں تک شمار کیا گیا ہے، جیسا کہ سمرتی میں مذکور ہے۔

Word by Word

• अर्वाक्: before
• अर्वाक्: Desha-Kala (देश-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अर्वाक् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; काल/दिशावाचक (before/below)

• षण्-मासतः: from (within) six months
• षण्-मासतः: Apadana (अपादान/from)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षण् (प्रातिपदिक) + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; पञ्चमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः; अर्थः: षण्मासात् (from six months)

• स्त्रीणाम्: of women
• स्त्रीणाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• यदि: if
• यदि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; शर्तसूचक

• स्यात्: should be/occur
• स्यात्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √अस् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• गर्भ-संस्त्रवः: miscarriage/flow of fetus
• गर्भ-संस्त्रवः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गर्भ (प्रातिपदिक) + संस्त्रव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (गर्भस्य संस्त्रवः)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Desha-Kala (देश-काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (then)

• मास-समैः: by days equal to the months
• मास-समैः: Karana (करण/by/with)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मास (प्रातिपदिक) + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति (करण/instrumental), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (मासैः समाः)

• तासाम्: of those (women)
• तासाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• अशौचम्: impurity period
• अशौचम्: Karma (कर्म/that which is stated)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अ-शौच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• दिवसैः: by days
• दिवसैः: Karana (करण/measure expressed)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिवस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• स्मृतम्: is stated/remembered
• स्मृतम्: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्मृ (धातु) + त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; विधेय (it is remembered/declared)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing on dharma/śauca-vidhi

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Lord Kurma (Vishnu)
• aśauca
• garbha (fetus)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

This verse is primarily dharma-śāstra in orientation, focusing on aśauca (ritual impurity) rather than direct ātman-teaching; indirectly, it reflects the Purāṇic view that embodied life (garbha) and social rites operate within prakṛti and varṇāśrama order, while the Self remains beyond such conditions.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No specific yoga practice is taught in this verse; it belongs to the Kurma Purana’s dharma section outlining śauca/aśauca discipline, which supports a regulated sāttvika life that is considered conducive to later spiritual practice (including Pāśupata-oriented disciplines elsewhere in the text).

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

The verse does not explicitly discuss Śiva–Viṣṇu unity; it presents Viṣṇu as Lord Kūrma teaching normative dharma. In the broader Kurma Purana synthesis, such dharma foundations are treated as compatible with the Śaiva-Vaiṣṇava integrated path taught in other sections.