Shloka 48
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
अबुद्धिपूर्वकं तेषामक्रियापूर्वमेव च / अभिव्यक्तास्तु ते मन्त्रास्तारकाद्यैर्निदर्शनैः
Transliteration
abuddhipūrvakaṃ teṣāmakriyāpūrvameva ca / abhivyaktāstu te mantrāstārakādyairnidarśanaiḥ
Translation
ان کے منتر نہ تو عقل کی پیش بندی سے بنے تھے، نہ عمل سے پہلے؛ بلکہ تاروں وغیرہ کی علامتوں سے وہ ظاہر ہوئے۔
Word by Word
a-buddhi-pūrvakamwithout prior understanding
a-buddhi-pūrvakam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roota-buddhi + pūrvaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial) — ‘without prior understanding’
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन (Plural), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (contextual) — ‘of them’
a-kriyā-pūrvamwithout prior action/ritual performance
a-kriyā-pūrvam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roota-kriyā + pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya), अव्ययीभाव-समास; क्रियाविशेषण — ‘without prior performance (of action)’
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha/Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) — emphasis
caand
ca:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
abhivyaktāḥmanifested
abhivyaktāḥ:
Karta-pradhāna viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-√vyaj (व्यज् धातु) + kta (कृत्)
Formकृदन्त (past passive participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन — ‘manifested’
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha/Contrast (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (adversative/contrast particle)
tethey/those
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन — ‘they/those’
mantrāḥmantras
mantrāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmantra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
tāraka-ādyaiḥby tāraka and other (signs)
tāraka-ādyaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Roottāraka + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (आदि-समास: ‘tāraka etc.’); तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन, पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग — ‘by (means of) tāraka and others’
nidarśanaiḥby indications/examples
nidarśanaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootnidarśana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन — ‘by indications/examples’