Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 63, Shloka 34

कुम्भकर्णोपदेशः

Kumbhakarna’s Counsel and War-Boast to Ravana

Devanagari script

सदृशंयत्तुकालेऽस्मिन् कर्तुंस्निग्धेनबन्धुना ।शत्रूणांकदनंपश्यक्रियमाणंमयारणे ।।6.63.34।।

Transliteration

sadṛśaṃ yat tu kāle 'smin kartuṃ snigdhena bandhunā |

śatrūṇāṃ kadanaṃ paśya kriyamāṇaṃ mayā raṇe || 6.63.34 ||

Translation

Sa ganitong panahon, masdan mo ang nararapat gawin ng isang mapagmahal na kamag-anak: sa digmaan, makikita mo akong magdulot ng paglipol sa mga kaaway.

Word by Word

• sadṛśam: proper/appropriate
• sadṛśam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sadṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); predicative adjective qualifying the intended act (कर्मविशेषण)

• yat: which (thing/act)
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); relative pronoun referring to the act to be done

• tu: but/indeed
• tu: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle/conjunction (निपात) expressing contrast/emphasis

• kāle: at the time
• kāle: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kāla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

• asmin: in this
• asmin: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन); deictic pronoun agreeing with kāle

• kartum: to do
• kartum: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/infinitival purpose)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Infinitive (तुमुन्/तुम्-अन्त), expressing purpose/intention

• snigdhena: by an affectionate
• snigdhena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: snigdha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); qualifying bandhunā

• bandhunā: by a kinsman/relative
• bandhunā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bandhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• śatrūṇām: of the enemies
• śatrūṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śatru (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन)

• kadanam: slaughter/destruction
• kadanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kadana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• paśya: see/behold
• paśya: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• kriyamāṇam: being done
• kriyamāṇam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kṛ (धातु)
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच्), Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with kadanam

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartr̥ (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

"O king! I will give you good advice in all circumstances being a relation. Salutary advice has been given to you out of brotherly affection."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāvaṇa
• śatru (enemies)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

It reflects the kṣatriya-war ethic of decisive protection of one’s side; the verse frames violent action as ‘fitting’ within the perceived duty of kinship and war.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa declares he will personally enter the battlefield and crush the opposing forces.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Valor and resolve—commitment to act rather than merely advise.