Shloka 22

The Procedure for Offering Piṇḍa (Funerary Rice-balls) — Gayā-māhātmya

Devanagari script

दत्वा श्राद्धं सपिंडानां तेषां दक्षिणभागतः । कुशैरास्तीर्य तेषां तु संकृद्दत्वा तिलोदकम् ॥ २२ ॥

Transliteration

datvā śrāddhaṃ sapiṃḍānāṃ teṣāṃ dakṣiṇabhāgataḥ | kuśairāstīrya teṣāṃ tu saṃkṛddatvā tilodakam || 22 ||

Translation

Pagkatapos ihandog ang śrāddha para sa mga ninunong sapiṇḍa, sa gawing timog nila ay ikalat ang damong kuśa, at saka, ayon sa wastong ayos, ihandog ang tilodaka—tubig na may halong linga (sesame).

Word by Word

• दत्वा: having given
• दत्वा: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) → दत्वा (कृदन्त, क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having given/offered’

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha offering/rite
• श्राद्धम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• स-पिण्डानाम्: of the sapinda relatives
• स-पिण्डानाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स (उपसर्ग/सह) + पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; ‘सपिण्ड’ = of those who share piṇḍa-relationship (same lineage)

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• दक्षिण-भागतः: from/on the right side
• दक्षिण-भागतः: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देशाधिकरण/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक) + भाग (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित/अव्यय)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास + तस्-प्रत्ययेन अव्ययीकरण; दिशार्थक-अव्यय (from/on the right side)

• कुशैः: with kuśa grass
• कुशैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; करण

• आस्तीर्य: having spread
• आस्तीर्य: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + स्तॄ (धातु) → आस्तीर्य (कृदन्त, ल्यप्)
• Form: अव्ययभाव-कृदन्त (gerund, ल्यप्), ‘having spread (laid out)’

• तेषाम्: of them
• तेषाम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, बहुवचन

• तु: and/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: विरोध/अवधारण-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)

• संकृत्: properly (well-prepared)
• संकृत्: Kriya-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संकृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable-like usage) / विशेषण; अर्थ: ‘सम्यक् कृतम्’ (properly prepared/arranged)

• दत्वा: having offered
• दत्वा: Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु) → दत्वा (कृदन्त, क्त्वा)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having given’

• तिल-उदकम्: water with sesame
• तिल-उदकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक) + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Narada (teaching śrāddha procedure, within the Uttara-bhāga ritual discourse)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Rasa: {"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"bhakti","emotional_journey":"After completing offerings to the sapiṇḍas, the verse settles into orderly closure actions—directional placement, kuśa arrangement, and tilodaka offering—conveying calm completion."}

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It emphasizes orderly Pitṛ-kārya: honoring the sapiṇḍa ancestors through śrāddha, then completing the rite with sanctifying supports (kuśa) and purificatory offerings (tilodaka), which are traditional means to satisfy and uplift the pitṛs.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While primarily ritual, it supports bhakti through dharma: performing ancestral duties with reverence and proper method is treated as a devotional act that aligns the householder with sacred order and gratitude to lineage.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is highlighted—directional placement (southern side), use of kuśa as a ritual implement, and the prescribed offering of tilodaka in proper sequence.