Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 35, Shloka 56

Adhyaya 35 — Madālasa’s Instruction on Purity, Impurity, and Corrective Rites (Śauca and Aśauca)

Sanskrit

धर्मतो धनमाहार्यं यष्टव्यञ्चापि यत्नतः ।

यच्चापि कुर्वतो नात्मा जुगुप्सामेति पुत्रक ! ॥

Transliteration

dharmato dhanam āhāryaṃ yaṣṭavyañ cāpi yatnataḥ /

yac cāpi kurvato nātmā jugupsām eti putraka !

Translation

Ang yaman ay dapat makamtan sa matuwid na paraan, at ang paghahandog (yajña) ay dapat isagawa nang may pagsisikap. At anumang gawin mo na hindi magpapabagsak sa sarili sa pagkamuhi sa sarili—iyon ang gawin mo, mahal kong anak.

Word by Word

• धर्मतः: according to dharma / righteously
• धर्मतः: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), हेतौ/प्रकारे (by/according to dharma)

• धनम्: wealth
• धनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), द्वितीया (accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• आहार्यम्: to be obtained/collected
• आहार्यम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + हृ (धातु) + यत् (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular)

• यष्टव्यम्: to be sacrificed / should perform sacrifice
• यष्टव्यम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यज् (धातु) + तव्यत् (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: तव्यत्-कृदन्त (gerundive/obligatory), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधान/समुच्चय (also/even)

• यत्नतः: with effort, diligently
• यत्नतः: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (ablatival adverb), प्रकारे (with effort)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (nom/acc), एकवचन (singular); सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (particle)

• कुर्वतः: of (one) doing
• कुर्वतः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + शतृ (कृत्प्रत्यय)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), षष्ठी (genitive/6th), एकवचन (singular)

• न: not
• न: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• आत्मा: the self
• आत्मा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular)

• जुगुप्साम्: disgust, self-reproach
• जुगुप्साम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जुगुप्सा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (feminine), द्वितीया (accusative/2nd), एकवचन (singular)

• एति: goes to, attains
• एति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present/वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (singular)

• पुत्रक: dear son
• पुत्रक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्रक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), सम्बोधन (vocative/8th), एकवचन (singular)

Speakers

• Instructional discourse within Alarka-anuśāsana frame (addressing ‘putraka’
• i.e.
• son)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "dharma", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Right livelihood
• Yajña
• Conscience/inner moral sense
• Dharma

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Dharma is validated by both śāstra and conscience: earn cleanly, worship diligently, and avoid acts that leave inner shame—this is an internal test for ethical action.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Didactic dharma teaching; not pañcalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Self-disgust’ is the subtle indicator of tamas and inner fracture. The verse points to integrity (antar-śauca) as the hidden foundation of outer ritual.