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Shloka 35

प्रतिग्रहभेदः — The Distinction between Giving and Accepting

Vṛṣādarbhī–Saptarṣi Dialogue

चमूहर: सुरेशश्न व्योमारि: शंकरो भव: । ईश: कर्ता कृतिर्दक्षो भुवनो दिव्यकर्मकृत्‌

camūharaḥ sureśaś ca vyomāriḥ śaṅkaro bhavaḥ | īśaḥ kartā kṛtir dakṣo bhuvano divyakarmakṛt ||

Wika ni Bhīṣma: Siya ang tagapagwasak ng mga hukbo; ang panginoon ng mga diyos; ang kaaway ng mga kapangyarihan sa kalangitan; si Śaṅkara, si Bhava. Siya ang Īśa, ang Kataas-taasang Panginoon; ang gumagawa at ang lumilikha ng tagumpay; ang may kakayahan at husay; ang mismong daigdig, at ang nagsasagawa ng mga gawang banal. Sa ganitong pagbilang na wari’y himno, inilalarawan ni Bhīṣma ang diyos bilang tagapamahala ng katarungan at mabisang lakas sa likod ng matuwid na gawa, na humihimok sa paggalang at pag-ayon sa banal na kaayusan.

चमूहरःdestroyer of armies
चमूहरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootचमूहर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सुरेशःlord of the gods
सुरेशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसुरेश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यॊमारिःenemy of the sky-dwellers (aerial beings)
व्यॊमारिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्योमारि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शंकरःŚaṅkara (beneficent one; Śiva)
शंकरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशंकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवःBhava (Śiva)
भवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ईशःthe Lord
ईशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootईश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्ताcreator; doer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृतिःdeed; accomplishment
कृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
दक्षःskilful; capable
दक्षः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भुवनःthe world; the universe
भुवनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दिव्यकर्मकृत्performer of divine deeds
दिव्यकर्मकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्यकर्मकृत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śiva (Śaṅkara/Bhava/Īśa)
T
the gods (suras)
A
armies (camū)
T
the world (bhuvana)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the divine (here, Śiva) is not merely a distant object of worship but the supreme agent behind order, capability, and successful action. By naming him as Lord, doer, and the very world, it encourages aligning one’s conduct (dharma) with the divine source of power and moral governance.

Bhīṣma is reciting a sequence of exalted names and attributes—stotra-like epithets—praising Śiva’s sovereignty and might. The tone is devotional and didactic, presenting the deity as protector and cosmic ruler whose divine deeds uphold the world.