Previous Verse
Next Verse

Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 4

Guṇa-vibhāga: The Three Modes and the Path Beyond Them

शमो दमस्तितिक्षेक्षा तप: सत्यं दया स्मृति: । तुष्टिस्त्यागोऽस्पृहा श्रद्धा ह्रीर्दयादि: स्वनिर्वृति: ॥ २ ॥ काम ईहा मदस्तृष्णा स्तम्भ आशीर्भिदा सुखम् । मदोत्साहो यश:प्रीतिर्हास्यं वीर्यं बलोद्यम: ॥ ३ ॥ क्रोधो लोभोऽनृतं हिंसा याच्ञा दम्भ: क्लम: कलि: । शोकमोहौ विषादार्ती निद्राशा भीरनुद्यम: ॥ ४ ॥ सत्त्वस्य रजसश्चैतास्तमसश्चानुपूर्वश: । वृत्तयो वर्णितप्राया: सन्निपातमथो श‍ृणु ॥ ५ ॥

śamo damas titikṣekṣā tapaḥ satyaṁ dayā smṛtiḥ tuṣṭis tyāgo ’spṛhā śraddhā hrīr dayādiḥ sva-nirvṛtiḥ

Ang pagpipigil sa isip at mga pandama, pagtitiis, wastong paghatol, paninindigan sa itinakdang dharma, katotohanan, habag, banal na pag-alaala, kasiyahan, pagkakawanggawa, pagtalikod sa pagkalugod ng pandama, pananampalataya sa gurong espirituwal, pagkapahiya sa di-wastong gawa, pagbibigay, kasimplehan, kababaang-loob, at panloob na kapanatagan—ito ang mga tanda ng sattva. Pagnanasang makamundo, malaking pagsisikap, kapalaluan at kabangisan, di-kasiyahan kahit may pakinabang, huwad na pagmamataas, pagdarasal para sa pag-unlad na materyal, pagtinging sarili’y higit sa iba, kaligayahang pandama, padalus-dalos sa pakikipaglaban, pagkahilig sa papuri, panlilibak sa kapwa, pagpapakita ng sariling lakas at pagbibigay-katwiran sa gawa sa pamamagitan ng kapangyarihan—ito ang rajas. Galit na di-mapigil, kasakiman, pagsasalitang walang batayang kasulatan, marahas na poot, pamumuhay na umaasa sa iba, pagkukunwari, matagal na pagkapagod, alitan, panaghoy, pagkalito, kalungkutan, panlulumo, labis na tulog, huwad na pag-asa, takot at katamaran—ito ang tamas. Ngayon pakinggan ang pagsasanib ng tatlong guna.

śamaḥtranquility
śamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
damaḥself-control
damaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
titikṣāforbearance
titikṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottitikṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
īkṣādiscernment/vision
īkṣā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootīkṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
tapaḥausterity
tapaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottapas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṁsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
satyamtruthfulness
satyam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapuṁsaka, Prathamā, Ekavacana
dayācompassion
dayā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdayā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
smṛtiḥmemory
smṛtiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsmṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
tuṣṭiḥcontentment
tuṣṭiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottuṣṭi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
tyāgaḥrenunciation
tyāgaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottyāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
aspṛhāabsence of desire
aspṛhā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roota-spṛhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
śraddhāfaith
śraddhā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśraddhā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
hrīḥmodesty
hrīḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothrī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
dayā-ādiḥcompassion etc.
dayā-ādiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdayā + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष); Puṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
sva-nirvṛtiḥinner satisfaction
sva-nirvṛtiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsva + nirvṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa-samāsa (तत्पुरुष); Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
K
Kṛṣṇa
U
Uddhava

FAQs

In 11.25.4, Śrī Kṛṣṇa lists anger, greed, falsehood, violence, hypocrisy, quarrel, lamentation, delusion, depression, fear, excessive sleep, and lack of effort as tamasic tendencies.

Kṛṣṇa instructs Uddhava to recognize how the modes shape behavior, so one can avoid tamasic habits, cultivate clarity and goodness, and ultimately transcend all modes through devotion.

Use the verse as a self-check: when anger, fear, laziness, dishonesty, or quarrel dominate, treat it as a tamas warning sign and shift toward sattvic routines and bhakti practices like truthful speech, nonviolence, regulated sleep, and sincere remembrance of Kṛṣṇa.