Varaha Purana 21.72: Adhyaya 21, Shloka 72

The Disruption of Dakṣa’s Sacrifice, the Hari–Hara Conflict, and the Establishment of Rudra’s Sacrificial Share

Devanagari script

भव शर्व महादेव पिनाकिन् रुद्र ते हर । नताः स्म सर्वे विश्वेश त्राहि नः परमेश्वर ॥ २१.७३ ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 21.72

Transliteration

bhava śarva mahādeva pinākin rudra te hara | natāḥ sma sarve viśveśa trāhi naḥ parameśvara || 21.73 ||

Translation

ข้าแต่ภวะ ศรวะ มหาเทวะ พินากิน รุทระ และหระ! ข้าแต่วิศเวศวร เราทั้งปวงนอบน้อมแด่พระองค์; ข้าแต่ปรเมศวร โปรดคุ้มครองพวกเรา

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• भव: O Bhava
• भव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग (शिवनाम)

• शर्व: O Śarva
• शर्व: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग (शिवनाम)

• महादेव: O great god
• महादेव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; कर्मधारयः—महान् देवः

• पिनाकिन्: O bearer of the Pināka bow
• पिनाकिन्: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिनाकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; “पिनाकधारी”

• रुद्र: O Rudra
• रुद्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग

• ते: your
• ते: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive), एकवचन; “your” (here: your [we are])

• हर: O Hara
• हर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग (शिवनाम)

• नताः: bowed down
• नताः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नत (कृदन्त, √नम्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; भूतकृदन्त—“bowed”

• स्म: indeed / (particle)
• स्म: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (अव्यय)
• Form: स्मृत्यर्थ/भूतार्थ-निपात (particle, often with past sense/emphasis)

• सर्वे: all (of us)
• सर्वे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• विश्व-ईश: O lord of the universe
• विश्व-ईश: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्व (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुषः—विश्वस्य ईशः

• त्राहि: protect
• त्राहि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √त्रा (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• नः: us
• नः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-एकवचनबहुवचनयोः (Genitive/Dative enclitic), “us”

• परम-ईश्वर: O supreme lord
• परम-ईश्वर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक) + ईश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बोधन, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; कर्मधारयः—परमः ईश्वरः

Speaker

Unspecified (defaulting to the Varāha Purāṇa dialogue framework: Pṛthivī or attendants addressing a deity in praise)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Studies
• Śaiva Epithets
• Sanskrit Philology

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It illustrates a common Purāṇic literary feature: a compact stuti (praise formula) using multiple epithets to identify a deity across regional and sectarian naming traditions, reflecting the interwoven theological vocabulary of early medieval Sanskrit literature.

Which geographic location is identified?

No geographic location is named in this verse; it is primarily a devotional address (stuti) rather than a site-description.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse models humility and supplication—an ethical posture of acknowledging human vulnerability and seeking protection through reverential speech rather than asserting dominance or entitlement.