Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

ज्येष्ठस्य पूर्णिमायां तु दंपती यस्तु भोजयेत् । परिधाप्य यथाशक्त्या दौर्भाग्यैर्मुच्यते नरः

Transliteration

jyeṣṭhasya pūrṇimāyāṃ tu daṃpatī yastu bhojayet | paridhāpya yathāśaktyā daurbhāgyairmucyate naraḥ

Translation

ในวันเพ็ญเดือนเชษฐะ ชายผู้ใดเลี้ยงอาหารคู่สามีภรรยา และตามกำลังยังให้เขาสวมใส่เครื่องนุ่งห่ม ผู้นั้นย่อมพ้นจากเคราะห์ร้ายและความอัปมงคล

Word by Word

• ज्येष्ठस्य: of (the month) Jyeṣṭha
• ज्येष्ठस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; मास-नाम (Jyeṣṭha month)

• पूर्णिमायाम्: on the full-moon day
• पूर्णिमायाम्: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्णिमा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तु: indeed/but
• तु: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक

• दम्पती: the couple (husband and wife)
• दम्पती: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम्पती (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (दम्पति-शब्दः), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), द्विवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक-यः (relative pronoun)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• भोजयेत्: should feed
• भोजयेत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु) [णिच् causative: भोजय-]
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; णिच्-प्रयोग (causative)

• परिधाप्य: having clothed (them)
• परिधाप्य: Purvakala-kriya (Prior action/पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-धा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वकर्म (having caused to be clothed)

• यथाशक्त्या: according to one’s ability
• यथाशक्त्या: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial modifier/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा-शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; तृतीया-एकवचन-रूपेण अव्ययवत् (adverbial instrumental)

• दौर्भाग्यैः: from misfortunes / by misfortunes
• दौर्भाग्यैः: Hetu/Apadana (Cause/Separation sense)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दौर्भाग्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• मुच्यते: is freed
• मुच्यते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive)

• नरः: a man
• नरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speaker

Īśvara (Śiva) (deduced from adjoining context in this prasaṅga)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra (contextual)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Mahādevī (Pārvatī)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim-host respectfully serves a seated married couple on Jyeṣṭha pūrṇimā night; moonlight, lamps, and temple silhouettes; garments offered folded with flowers.

Characters & Entities

• Jyeṣṭha Pūrṇimā
• Daṃpatī

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Charity aligned with sacred time (pūrṇimā) and done with humility (yathāśakti) transforms one’s fortune and removes inauspiciousness.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The broader Prabhāsa Kṣetra/Brahmakuṇḍa context frames the vow and its fruit.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

On Jyeṣṭha Pūrṇimā, perform daṃpatī-bhojana (feed a couple) and give clothing as per capacity.