Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 82

Devanagari script

बहूदकस्ततो हंसः परमश्च ततो भवेत् । ततश्च मुक्तिमायाति मार्गमेनं समाश्रितः

Transliteration

bahūdakastato haṃsaḥ paramaśca tato bhavet | tataśca muktimāyāti mārgamenaṃ samāśritaḥ

Translation

แล้วจึงเป็นพหูทกะ ต่อจากนั้นเป็นหังสะ และต่อจากนั้นเป็นปรมะ เมื่ออาศัยหนทางนี้ เขาย่อมบรรลุมุขติในที่สุด

Word by Word

• बहूदकः: (one called) Bahūdaka
• बहूदकः: Karta (Predicate noun/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बहु + उदक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (बहूनि उदकानि यस्य/यत्र) आश्रम/व्रतवाचक-नाम

• ततः: then
• ततः: Krama (Sequence/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then/thereafter)

• हंसः: (one called) Haṃsa
• हंसः: Karta (Predicate noun/कर्ता-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हंस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; आश्रम/परिव्राजक-भेदवाचक

• परमः: supreme, highest
• परमः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (for 'haṃsaḥ' or next stage)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• ततः: then
• ततः: Krama (Sequence/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (then)

• भवेत्: may become
• भवेत्: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Krama (Sequence/क्रम)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रमवाचक-अव्यय (thereafter)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• मुक्तिम्: liberation
• मुक्तिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• आयाति: attains/comes to
• आयाति: Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-या (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• मार्गम्: path
• मार्गम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मार्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• एनम्: this
• एनम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (for 'mārgam')

• समाश्रितः: having resorted to/following
• समाश्रितः: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-श्रि (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग (active sense: 'having resorted to')

Speaker

Durvāsā

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A symbolic ascent: a renunciant moves from water-bearing wanderer (bahūdaka) to swan-like sage (haṃsa) to supreme renouncer (parama), culminating in a luminous liberation motif (light beyond river/forest).

Characters & Entities

• bahūdaka
• haṁsa
• parama
• mukti

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Liberation is portrayed as the culmination of a graduated renunciant discipline, refined through successive ascetic stages.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No named tīrtha appears in this verse; it is a generalized teaching within a tīrtha-māhātmya chapter.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

A discipline-path (mārga) of renunciation stages is prescribed, rather than a single ritual.