Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 99

Devanagari script

बृहस्पतिरुवाच । एतद्वः सर्वमाख्यातं युगानां लक्षणं मया । प्रमाणं च सुरश्रेष्ठ चतुर्णामप्यसंशयम्

Transliteration

bṛhaspatiruvāca | etadvaḥ sarvamākhyātaṃ yugānāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ mayā | pramāṇaṃ ca suraśreṣṭha caturṇāmapyasaṃśayam

Translation

พระพฤหัสบดีตรัสว่า: “ลักษณะทั้งปวงแห่งยุคทั้งหลายนี้ เราได้กล่าวแก่ท่านทั้งหลายแล้ว และโอ้ผู้ประเสริฐในหมู่เทวะ ทั้งมาตราวัดของทั้งสี่ก็โดยแน่นอน”

Word by Word

• बृहस्पतिः: Bṛhaspati
• बृहस्पतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बृहस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; वक्ता/कर्तृपद

• उवाच: said/spoke
• उवाच: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मपद

• वः: of you/for you
• वः: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम; सम्बन्ध (genitive)

• सर्वम्: all/entire
• सर्वम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (एतत्-विशेषण)

• आख्यातम्: told/declared
• आख्यातम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आ + ख्या (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; (एतत्) इत्यस्य विशेषण

• युगानाम्: of the ages (yugas)
• युगानाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध

• लक्षणम्: characteristic/mark
• लक्षणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मपद

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम; करण/कर्तृकरण (agent-instrument)

• प्रमाणम्: the measure/authority
• प्रमाणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मपद

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• सुरश्रेष्ठ: O best of gods
• सुरश्रेष्ठ: Sambodhana (Vocative/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; संबोधन

• चतुर्णाम्: of the four
• चतुर्णाम्: Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चतुर् (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी, बहुवचन; सम्बन्ध

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• असंशयम्: without doubt
• असंशयम्: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: असंशयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण अव्यय (adverb)

Speaker

Bṛhaspati

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Suraśreṣṭha (best among the gods)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Bṛhaspati, radiant teacher of the devas, concludes his discourse; devas listen attentively in a celestial assembly with time-wheel (kāla-cakra) symbolism behind.

Characters & Entities

• Bṛhaspati

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Scriptural teaching frames time itself as dharma-centered; knowing yuga-lakṣaṇas helps one practice appropriately in one’s age.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific tirtha is mentioned in this verse; it concludes a doctrinal segment within the Mahatmya.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None; it is a narrative transition marking completion of the yuga-description.