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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 51

Devanagari script

बुरुडेन च कैवर्तः कैवर्तेन च मेदकः । चत्वारो वैश्यसंभूता एते क्षेत्रे द्विजन्मनाम् । प्रजायन्ते सुरश्रेष्ठ सवकर्मसु गर्हिताः

Transliteration

buruḍena ca kaivartaḥ kaivartena ca medakaḥ | catvāro vaiśyasaṃbhūtā ete kṣetre dvijanmanām | prajāyante suraśreṣṭha savakarmasu garhitāḥ

Translation

จากบูรุฑะบังเกิดไกวรตะ และจากไกวรตะบังเกิดเมทกะ ทั้งสี่นี้เป็นผู้เกิดจากสายไวศยะ ภายใน ‘เกษตร’ แห่งผู้เกิดสองครั้ง; ข้าแต่เทวะผู้ประเสริฐ เขาถูกกล่าวว่าถูกติเตียนในกิจการงานของตนๆ

Word by Word
बुरुडेनby/with a Buruḍa (person of that group)
बुरुडेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबुरुड (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular (by/with)
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
कैवर्तःKaivarta (a community/person)
कैवर्तः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकैवर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
कैवर्तेनby/with a Kaivarta
कैवर्तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकैवर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), एकवचन; Instrumental singular
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
मेदकःMedaka (a community/person)
मेदकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमेदक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; Nominative singular
चत्वारःfour
चत्वारः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Numeral used substantively; Nominative plural
वैश्यसंभूताःborn of Vaiśyas
वैश्यसंभूताः:
Visheshana (Adjectival to subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootवैश्य + संभूत (कृदन्त; सम्+भू धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त विशेषण; ‘वैश्यात् संभूत’ (born from a Vaiśya)
एतेthese
एते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Pronoun; Nominative plural
क्षेत्रेin the region/field (kṣetra)
क्षेत्रे:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; Locative singular
द्विजन्मनाम्of the twice-born (dvijas)
द्विजन्मनाम्:
Shashthi-Sambandha (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वि + जन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; Genitive plural; ‘द्विज’ (twice-born) + ‘जन्मन्’ (birth) → ‘द्विजन्मन्’ (twice-born)
प्रजायन्तेare born / come into being
प्रजायन्ते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + जन् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद; Present indicative, 3rd plural (are born)
सुरश्रेष्ठO best of the gods
सुरश्रेष्ठ:
Sambodhana (Address)
TypeNoun
Rootसुर + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-प्रथमा, एकवचन; Vocative singular; address
सवकर्मसुin all works/occupations
सवकर्मसु:
Adhikarana (Domain/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व + कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), बहुवचन; Locative plural; ‘in all occupations/acts’
गर्हिताःcensured / blameworthy
गर्हिताः:
Visheshana (Adjectival to subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्हित (कृदन्त; गर्ह् धातु, क्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; Passive past participle used adjectivally
Speaker

Bṛhaspati

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: a deva addressed as 'suraśreṣṭha/surasattama' (commonly Agastya/Śiva’s gaṇa/another deity in Nāgara-khaṇḍa dialogues; not explicit here)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A sage-like narrator enumerates lineages and occupations before a deva addressed as 'suraśreṣṭha', with palm-leaf manuscript or rosary in hand; the setting suggests a tīrtha-assembly rather than a battlefield.

Characters & Entities
B
Buruḍa
K
Kaivarta
M
Medaka
V
Vaiśya
D
Dvija
I
Indra

FAQs

The verse concludes a chain of traditional classifications; its function is descriptive within the text’s internal social genealogy model.

None; this segment is not focused on a named pilgrimage site.

None; it discusses origins and occupational association.

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