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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

। सूत उवाच । तृतीये च दिने प्राप्ते त्रयोदश्यां द्विजोत्तमाः । प्रातःसवनमादाय ऋत्विजः सर्व एव ते । स्वेस्वे कर्मणि संलग्ना यज्ञकृत्यसमुद्भवे

Transliteration

| sūta uvāca | tṛtīye ca dine prāpte trayodaśyāṃ dvijottamāḥ | prātaḥsavanamādāya ṛtvijaḥ sarva eva te | svesve karmaṇi saṃlagnā yajñakṛtyasamudbhave

Translation

สูตะกล่าวว่า: ครั้นถึงวันที่สาม—ในดิถีไตรโยทศี—โอ้ท่านทวิชผู้ประเสริฐ ปุโรหิตผู้ประกอบยัญทั้งปวงได้ประกอบพิธีสวนนะยามเช้า (ปราตะห์-สวะนะ) แล้ว ต่างจมอยู่ในหน้าที่ของตน อันเกิดจากกิจแห่งยัญพิธี

Word by Word
सूतःSūta (the narrator)
सूतः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
तृतीयेon the third
तृतीये:
Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; 'दिने' इति विशेषण
चand
च:
Sambandha (Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
दिनेon the day
दिने:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootदिन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
प्राप्तेhaving arrived/when it had come
प्राप्ते:
Adhikarana (Time qualifier/अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-आप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतभावे कृदन्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'दिने' इति विशेषण
त्रयोदश्याम्on the thirteenth lunar day
त्रयोदश्याम्:
Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootत्रयोदशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
द्विजोत्तमाःbest of the twice-born (Brahmins)
द्विजोत्तमाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (द्विजानाम् उत्तमाः)
प्रातःसवनम्the morning pressing/rite (prātaḥ-savana)
प्रातःसवनम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रातः + सवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी/कर्मधारय-प्रायः समासः (प्रातःकाले सवनम्)
आदायhaving taken
आदाय:
Purvakala (Prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ-दा (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभाव (gerund/absolutive)
ऋत्विजःthe priests
ऋत्विजः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), बहुवचन
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'ऋत्विजः' इति विशेषण
एवindeed/just
एव:
Sambandha (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
तेthey
ते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
स्वेin one’s own
स्वे:
Adhikarana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; 'कर्मणि' इति विशेषण
स्वेin his respective
स्वे:
Adhikarana (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति—'स्वेस्वे' (each in his own)
कर्मणिin the duty/ritual act
कर्मणि:
Adhikarana (Sphere/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन
संलग्नाःengaged/absorbed
संलग्नाः:
Karta (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्-लग् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; 'ते/ऋत्विजः' इति विशेषण
यज्ञकृत्यसमुद्भवेin the arising of the sacrificial duties
यज्ञकृत्यसमुद्भवे:
Adhikarana (Context/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ + कृत्य + समुद्भव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन; बहुपद-तत्पुरुषः—(यज्ञस्य कृत्यस्य समुद्भवः)
Speaker

Sūta

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: dvijottamāḥ (śaunakādayaḥ/ṛṣayaḥ)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: tṛtīya-dine trayodaśyāṃ prātaḥkāle yajñaśālā; ṛtvijaḥ prātaḥsavana-kriyāṃ kurvanti—sruva-sruce, soma/dravya-pātra, agni-jvālā, vedapāṭha; sarve svasvakarmasu niyuktāḥ.

Characters & Entities
S
Sūta
Ṛ
ṛtvij (priests)
Y
yajña

FAQs

Dharma is upheld through disciplined participation in yajña, where each role is performed with steadiness and order.

The broader Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra māhātmya frame continues, though this verse focuses on the yajña setting.

Performance of the prātaḥ-savana (morning rite/pressing) and the structured engagement of ṛtvij priests in yajña duties.

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