Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 36

Devanagari script

अयोध्या चैव पातालं तथा कारोहणं महत् । देविका च नदी पुण्या भैरवं पूर्वसागरः

Transliteration

ayodhyā caiva pātālaṃ tathā kārohaṇaṃ mahat | devikā ca nadī puṇyā bhairavaṃ pūrvasāgaraḥ

Translation

และยังมี อโยธยา ปาตาล และ กาโรหณะอันยิ่งใหญ่; แม่น้ำเทวีการอันศักดิ์สิทธิ์; ไภรวะ (สถานศักดิ์สิทธิ์); และมหาสมุทรทิศตะวันออก

Word by Word

• अयोध्या: Ayodhyā
• अयोध्या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अयोध्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (indeed)

• पातालम्: Pātāla (netherworld; name/place)
• पातालम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाताल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• तथा: also
• तथा: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (also)

• कारोहणम्: Kārohaṇa (name/place)
• कारोहणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारोहण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• महत्: great
• महत्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (कारोहणम्)

• देविका: Devikā (river)
• देविका: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देविका (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• नदी: river
• नदी: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

• पुण्या: holy
• पुण्या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (नदी)

• भैरवम्: Bhairava (name/place)
• भैरवम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भैरव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन

• पूर्वसागरः: the eastern ocean
• पूर्वसागरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; कर्मधारय (पूर्वः सागरः)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from the ongoing tīrtha enumeration)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Ayodhyā; Devikā; Kārohaṇa; Bhairava; Pūrvasāgara (Eastern Ocean)

Type: river

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Devī

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A six-panel montage: Ayodhyā’s ghats and temples; a symbolic Pātāla cavern with nāgas; Kārohaṇa’s liṅga shrine; Devikā river with women offering lamps; Bhairava as guardian at a gate; the Eastern Ocean with sunrise and pilgrims at shore.

Characters & Entities

• Ayodhyā
• Pātāla
• Kārohaṇa
• Devikā (river)
• Bhairava
• Pūrvasāgara (Eastern Ocean)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Dharma is tied to sacred landscapes—cities, rivers, and even oceans are portrayed as spiritually potent when approached with reverence.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Ayodhyā, Kārohaṇa, the Devikā river, Bhairava (as a sacred locus), and the Eastern Ocean are highlighted.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No explicit instruction is present; the verse lists tīrthas and sacred waters.