Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 27

Devanagari script

इत्येतत्पातकं ज्ञेयं गुरुनिंदासमं महत् । ब्रह्मघ्नश्च सुरापश्च स्तेयी च गुरुतल्पगः

Transliteration

ityetatpātakaṃ jñeyaṃ guruniṃdāsamaṃ mahat | brahmaghnaśca surāpaśca steyī ca gurutalpagaḥ

Translation

บาปนี้พึงรู้ว่าเป็นอาบัติใหญ่ เสมอด้วยการหมิ่นประมาทครูบาอาจารย์ ผู้ฆ่าพราหมณ์ ผู้ดื่มสุรา ผู้ลักขโมย และผู้ล่วงละเมิดที่นอนของครู—

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उक्त्यर्थक-निपात (quotative particle)

• एतत्: this
• एतत्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘पातकम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• पातकम्: sin/crime
• पातकम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पातक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ज्ञेयम्: to be known
• ज्ञेयम्: Karta (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √ज्ञा (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त)
• Form: भावे/कर्मणि यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive: to be known), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• गुरुनिन्दासमम्: equal to reviling the guru
• गुरुनिन्दासमम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + निन्दा (प्रातिपदिक) + सम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गुरोः निन्दा), ततः कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष (तुल्यः) ‘समम्’; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘पातकम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• महत्: great
• महत्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘पातकम्’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• ब्रह्मघ्नः: slayer of a Brahmin
• ब्रह्मघ्नः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक) + √हन् (धातु) (घ्न-प्रत्यय)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष (ब्रह्माणं हन्ति इति), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• सुरापः: drinker of liquor
• सुरापः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुरा (प्रातिपदिक) + √पा (धातु) (कृदन्त)
• Form: उपपद-तत्पुरुष (सुरां पिबति इति), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• स्तेयी: thief
• स्तेयी: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्तेयिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘चोरः’ अर्थे

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात

• गुरुतल्पगः: one who violates the guru’s bed (incest/adultery)
• गुरुतल्पगः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + तल्प (प्रातिपदिक) + √गम् (धातु) (ग-प्रत्यय)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (गुरोः तल्पम्), उपपद-तत्पुरुष (तल्पं गच्छति/सेवते इति), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Speaker

Lomaharṣaṇa (Sūta), deduced from Māheśvarakhaṇḍa context

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A didactic tableau: a scroll or palm-leaf list of mahāpātakas held by a sage; shadowy figures representing the four great sins stand at the margins, while the guru sits luminous at center, indicating the enormity of guru-nindā.

Characters & Entities

• Guru
• Brāhmaṇa

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Guru-nindā (reviling the Guru) is treated as a major spiritual crime, comparable to the most grievous transgressions.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

No specific sacred geography is mentioned; the emphasis is on moral gravity within dharma.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No expiation is stated here; the verse classifies and compares offenses.