Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 110

Devanagari script

ममार्च्यमविमुक्ताख्यं ततो देवि ममा ख्यकम् । विश्वनाथेति विश्वस्मिन्प्रथितं विश्वसौख्यदम्

Transliteration

mamārcyamavimuktākhyaṃ tato devi mamā khyakam | viśvanātheti viśvasminprathitaṃ viśvasaukhyadam

Translation

รูปอันควรบูชาของเรามีนามว่า ‘อวิมุกตะ’; แล้วต่อมา โอ้เทวี นามอันเลื่องลือของเรา ‘วิศวนาถะ’ เป็นที่ปรากฏทั่วโลก ประทานความผาสุกเกื้อกูลแก่สรรพชนทั้งปวง

Word by Word

• mama: of me / my
• mama: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• arcyam: worthy of worship
• arcyam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: arc (अर्च् धातु) + यत् (यत्-प्रत्यय) → अर्च्य (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); यत्-कृदन्तः (to be worshipped)

• avimuktākhyam: named ‘Avimukta’
• avimuktākhyam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-vimukta (अविमुक्त प्रातिपदिक) + ākhya (आख्य प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन; समासः—अविमुक्त-आख्यम् = ‘अविमुक्त’ इति आख्या यस्य (named ‘Avimukta’)

• tataḥ: then / thereafter
• tataḥ: Adhikarana/Temporal (कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (ततः अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय (indeclinable), अव्यय-प्रकारः—सम्बन्ध/अनन्तरार्थक (thereafter/then)

• devi: O Goddess
• devi: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: devī (देवी प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन, सर्वनाम

• ākhyakam: name / appellation
• ākhyakam: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ākhyaka (आख्यक प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन

• viśvanātha: Viśvanātha (Lord of the Universe)
• viśvanātha: Pratipadya/Name (नाम)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśva (विश्व) + nātha (नाथ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-एकवचन (Nom. sg.) (समासपद-प्रातिपदिक); समासः—विश्वस्य नाथः (lord of the universe)

• iti: thus / called
• iti: Quotation marker (इति-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (इति)
• Form: अव्यय; इति-शब्दः (quotative particle)

• viśvasmin: in the world / among all
• viśvasmin: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśva (विश्व प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative), एकवचन

• prathitam: renowned / famous
• prathitam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pra-√thā (स्था/था धातु; √थाऽ ‘to be renowned’) + क्त (क्त-प्रत्यय) → प्रथित (कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि/भूतकाले (past passive participle: renowned)

• viśvasaukhyadam: giver of happiness to all
• viśvasaukhyadam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viśva (विश्व) + saukhya (सौख्य) + da (द/दा धातु ‘to give’) → द (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; समासः—विश्वस्य सौख्यं ददाति (giver of universal happiness)

Speaker

Śiva (addressing Devī/Umā)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Avimukta / Viśvanātha (Kāśī)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārvatī (Devī)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Śiva as Viśvanātha revealed in Avimukta: the liṅga radiant, surrounded by Kāśī’s sacred skyline—ghāṭas, lamps, devotees—suggesting ‘world-wide fame’ and ‘universal well-being’.

Characters & Entities

• Avimukta
• Viśvanātha
• Devī (Pārvatī)
• Kāśī (implied)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Śiva’s presence in Kāśī is unwavering (Avimukta), and devotion to Viśvanātha is proclaimed as a universal source of auspiciousness.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Avimukta-kṣetra in Kāśī, centered on Viśvanātha (Kāśī Viśvanātha).

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Implicitly, arcana (worship) of Śiva as Avimukta/Viśvanātha; no detailed rite is enumerated in this verse.