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Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 50

Devanagari script

यो धर्मपीठं प्रतिलभ्य काश्यां स्वश्रेयसे नो यततेऽत्र मर्त्यः । कथं स धर्मत्वमिवातितेजाः करिष्यति स्वं कृतकृत्यमेव । त्वया यथाप्ता इह धर्मराज मनोरथास्ते गुरुभिस्तपोभिः । तथैव धर्मेश्वरभक्तिभाजां कामाः फलिष्यंति न संशयोत्र

Transliteration

yo dharmapīṭhaṃ pratilabhya kāśyāṃ svaśreyase no yatate'tra martyaḥ | kathaṃ sa dharmatvamivātitejāḥ kariṣyati svaṃ kṛtakṛtyameva | tvayā yathāptā iha dharmarāja manorathāste gurubhistapobhiḥ | tathaiva dharmeśvarabhaktibhājāṃ kāmāḥ phaliṣyaṃti na saṃśayotra

Translation

ผู้ใดเป็นมนุษย์ ได้มาถึงกาศีซึ่งเป็นธรรมปีฐะแล้ว แต่ไม่เพียรพยายามที่นี่เพื่อประโยชน์สูงสุดของตน เขาจะทำกิจให้สำเร็จได้อย่างไร ราวกับจะบรรลุ “ความเป็นธรรม” ด้วยเดชเพียงอย่างเดียว? โอ้ ธรรมราช ดังที่ท่านได้สมปรารถนาที่นี่ด้วยตบะอันยิ่งใหญ่ ฉันนั้นความปรารถนาของผู้มีภักดีต่อพระธรรมेशวรย่อมบังเกิดผลแน่นอน ไร้ข้อสงสัย

Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन
धर्मपीठम्seat/center of Dharma
धर्मपीठम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म + पीठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (धर्मस्य पीठम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन
प्रतिलभ्यhaving obtained
प्रतिलभ्य:
Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-√लभ् (धातु)
Formल्यप्/क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund: having obtained)
काश्याम्in Kāśī
काश्याम्:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकाशी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति; एकवचन
स्वश्रेयसेfor his own good
स्वश्रेयसे:
Sampradana (Recipient/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + श्रेयस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (स्वस्य श्रेयः); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; चतुर्थी विभक्ति; एकवचन; (dative: for one's own welfare)
नnot
न:
Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (not)
यततेstrives
यतते:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√यत् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (strives)
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (here)
मर्त्यःa mortal
मर्त्यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन
कथम्how
कथम्:
Prashna (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रश्नवाचक (how?)
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन
धर्मत्वम्righteous status
धर्मत्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन; (state of being Dharma/righteousness)
इवas if/like
इव:
Upama (Simile-marker/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उपमा (like/as if)
अतितेजाःexceedingly radiant
अतितेजाः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअति + तेजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (अत्यन्तं तेजः यस्य/अतितेजस्); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन; (qualifying सः)
करिष्यतिwill make/achieve
करिष्यति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Future); प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद
स्वम्his own
स्वम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनामवत्; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन; (his own)
कृतकृत्यम्one whose duty is fulfilled
कृतकृत्यम्:
Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (Object-complement/कर्मसमनाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत + कृत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारयः (कृतं कृत्यं यस्य/कृतकृत्यः); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया विभक्ति; एकवचन; (as predicate to स्वम्: accomplished)
एवindeed
एव:
Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (indeed)
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; तृतीया विभक्ति; एकवचन
यथाas
यथा:
Prakara (Manner/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकार/उपमानवाचक (as/just as)
आप्ताःwere obtained
आप्ताः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√आप् (धातु) → आप्त (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन; (past passive participle used adjectivally: obtained/attained)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (here)
धर्मराजO Dharmarāja
धर्मराज:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सम्बोधन विभक्ति; एकवचन; (vocative: O Dharmarāja)
मनोरथाःwishes
मनोरथाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् + रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषः (मनसः रथः); पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी विभक्ति; एकवचन; (of you/your)
गुरुभिःby great
गुरुभिः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन; (instrumental plural)
तपोभिःby austerities
तपोभिः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति; बहुवचन; (instrumental plural: by austerities)
तथाso
तथा:
Prakara (Manner/प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/so)
एवindeed
एव:
Avadharana (Emphasis/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारण (indeed)
धर्मेश्वरभक्तिभाजाम्of Dharmeshvara's devotees
धर्मेश्वरभक्तिभाजाम्:
Sambandha (Genitive/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मेश्वर + भक्ति + भाज् (धातु) → भक्तिभाज् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमासः: (1) षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः धर्मेश्वरस्य भक्तिः; (2) तत्पुरुषः भक्त्या भाजः/भक्तिं भजते इति; पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी विभक्ति; बहुवचन; (genitive plural: of devotees of Dharmeshvara)
कामाःdesires
कामाः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; बहुवचन
फलिष्यन्तिwill bear fruit
फलिष्यन्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√फल् (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Future); प्रथमपुरुष; बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
नno/not
न:
Pratishedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (not)
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति; एकवचन
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (Scope/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक (here/in this matter)
Speaker

Śiva (deduced, addressing Dharmarāja/Dharma)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Dharma-pīṭha) with Dharmeśvara focus

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Dharma (Dharmarāja)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Śiva admonishes that one who reaches Kāśī yet fails to strive for highest good wastes the Dharma-seat; Dharmarāja is recalled performing great tapas and attaining aims; devotees of Dharmeśvara are promised certain fruition.

Characters & Entities
K
Kāśī
D
Dharma-pīṭha
D
Dharmarāja (Yama)
D
Dharmeśvara

FAQs

Having reached Kāśī, one should actively pursue spiritual welfare; devotion to Dharmeśvara is assured to fructify, as demonstrated by Dharmarāja’s tapas.

Kāśī itself is praised as the ‘Dharma-pīṭha’ (seat of Dharma), with Dharmeśvara as its empowering deity.

Tapas (austerity) and dharmeśvara-bhakti (devotional worship) are upheld as the means for attaining desired ends.

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