Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 44

Devanagari script

यैश्च काशीस्थितो जंतुरल्पकोपि विरोधितः । तैर्वै विश्वंभरा सर्वा मया सह विरोधिता

Transliteration

yaiśca kāśīsthito jaṃturalpakopi virodhitaḥ | tairvai viśvaṃbharā sarvā mayā saha virodhitā

Translation

ผู้ใดก็ตามที่ขัดขวางหรือเบียดเบียนแม้เพียงเล็กน้อยต่อสัตว์สักตัวหนึ่งซึ่งพำนักอยู่ในกาศี ผู้นั้นแท้จริงได้ขัดขวางพระแม่ธรณีวิศวัมภรา ทั้งสิ้นพร้อมกับเรา

Word by Word

• यैः: by whom/with whom
• यैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः (करण), बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम-शब्दः (pronoun)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक-निपातः (conjunction)

• काशी-स्थितः: dwelling in Kāśī
• काशी-स्थितः: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: काशी (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (धा.स्था; क्त-प्रत्ययः)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समासः (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः: काश्याम् स्थितः); पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त-विशेषणम् (past participle)

• जन्तुः: a creature/person
• जन्तुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• अल्पकः: even a small/insignificant (one)
• अल्पकः: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अल्पक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• अपि: even/also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययम्; अपि-शब्दः (emphatic/also/even)

• विरोधितः: opposed/hostiled
• विरोधितः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + रुध् (धातु) → विरोधित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः कृदन्तः; पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थः (past passive participle)

• तैः: by them
• तैः: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्; सर्वनाम-शब्दः

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निपातः (emphatic particle)

• विश्वम्भरा: Viśvambharā (the all-supporting one)
• विश्वम्भरा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश्वम्भरा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेष-नाम (epithet)

• सर्वा: entire/whole
• सर्वा: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; विशेषणम्

• मया: by me
• मया: Karaṇa (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तम-पुरुष-सर्वनाम; तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• सह: with
• सह: Sahakāraka (Accompaniment/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-शब्दः; सहार्थक-अव्ययम् (with)

• विरोधिता: (I am) opposed
• विरोधिता: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + रुध् (धातु) → विरोधित (क्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्तः कृदन्तः; स्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; कर्मणि-प्रयोगार्थः (past passive participle)

Speaker

Śiva (Hara/Bhava)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kāśī (Avimukta-kṣetra)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārvatī / Skanda-tradition audience (contextual)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Śiva as Viśvanātha stands as guardian of Kāśī; a pilgrim restrains anger and offers protection to a small creature, while the city’s ghāṭas and temples glow behind—signifying that harming a Kāśī-being is cosmic defiance.

Characters & Entities

• Kāśī
• Viśvambharā (Earth)
• Kāśī-sthita jantu (resident being)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Kāśī’s sanctity extends to its inhabitants; harming or opposing a Kāśī-dweller is treated as hostility toward Śiva and the cosmic order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kāśī (Vārāṇasī), presented as a protected sacred sphere where residents are under Śiva’s special regard.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No formal ritual; the ethical prescription is ahiṃsā and non-hostility toward beings in Kāśī.