Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 18

Devanagari script

दिनांतश्चैव पक्षांतो मासांतो हायनं युगम् । कल्पांतश्च महांतश्च कालांतस्त्वं च वै हरे

Transliteration

dināṃtaścaiva pakṣāṃto māsāṃto hāyanaṃ yugam | kalpāṃtaśca mahāṃtaśca kālāṃtastvaṃ ca vai hare

Translation

ข้าแต่พระหริ พระองค์คือที่สุดแห่งวัน ที่สุดแห่งปักษ์ ที่สุดแห่งเดือน และคือการผันเวียนของปีและยุคทั้งหลาย พระองค์คือที่สุดแห่งกัลปะ ที่สุดแห่งวัฏจักรอันยิ่งใหญ่ และแท้จริงคือที่สุดแห่งกาลเวลาเอง

Word by Word

• दिनान्तः: end of a day
• दिनान्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दिनस्य अन्तः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• पक्षान्तः: end of a fortnight
• पक्षान्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पक्ष + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (पक्षस्य अन्तः)

• मासान्तः: end of a month
• मासान्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मास + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (मासस्य अन्तः)

• हायनम्: year
• हायनम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हायन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• युगम्: age (yuga)
• युगम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन

• कल्पान्तः: end of a kalpa
• कल्पान्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्प + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कल्पस्य अन्तः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• महान्तः: the great (end)
• महान्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; विशेषण (महान्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• कालान्तः: end of time
• कालान्तः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काल + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (कालस्य अन्तः)

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• वै: indeed
• वै: Sambandha (Relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle)

• हरे: O Hari
• हरे: Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन

Speaker

Unspecified (contextual eulogy within Dharmāraṇya Khaṇḍa; likely a devotee/narrator addressing Hari)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Sages / internal addressee: King (nṛpa)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Hari as Kāla: a vast figure behind a wheel of time marked with day/fortnight/month/year/yuga/kalpa; below, worlds dissolve into oceanic pralaya, while the deity remains serene, indicating transcendence over dissolution.

Characters & Entities

• Hari
• Kāla (Time)
• Yuga
• Kalpa

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

It teaches that Hari (Viṣṇu) transcends all temporal divisions—from daily time to cosmic aeons—and is the ultimate reality beyond the rise and fall of all cycles.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

This verse functions primarily as a theological praise of Hari as Kāla’s limit; the specific Dharmāraṇya sacred geography is not explicitly named within this single shloka.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

No direct injunction (snāna, dāna, vrata, or japa) appears in this verse; it is a stuti emphasizing contemplative recognition of Hari’s supremacy over time.