Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 144

Devanagari script

शिवरात्रिस्तिथिः पुण्या कार्त्तिकी च विशेषतः । रेवाया उत्तरं कूलं तीरं भारेश्वरेति च

Transliteration

śivarātristithiḥ puṇyā kārttikī ca viśeṣataḥ | revāyā uttaraṃ kūlaṃ tīraṃ bhāreśvareti ca

Translation

ติติแห่งศิวราตรีเป็นวันอันศักดิ์สิทธิ์ โดยเฉพาะยิ่งเมื่ออยู่ในเดือนการ์ตติกะ ฝั่งเหนือแห่งแม่น้ำเรวาก็เลื่องชื่อว่าเป็นทิรถะ ‘ภาเรศวร’

Word by Word

• śiva-rātri-stithiḥ: the Śivarātri lunar day
• śiva-rātri-stithiḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śiva (प्रातिपदिक) + rātri (प्रातिपदिक) + stithi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Samāsa: Tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी/सम्बन्ध) 'the tithi of Śivarātri'; Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• puṇyā: holy/meritorious
• puṇyā: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: puṇya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; viśeṣaṇa of 'stithiḥ'

• kārttikī: Kārttikī (Kārtika observance)
• kārttikī: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kārttikī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; (name of tithi/month observance)

• ca: and
• ca: Conjunction (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-avyaya (समुच्चय)

• viśeṣataḥ: especially
• viśeṣataḥ: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: viśeṣatas (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• revāyāḥ: of the Revā (Narmadā)
• revāyāḥ: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: revā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular

• uttaram: northern
• uttaram: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; viśeṣaṇa of 'kūlam/tīram'

• kūlam: bank/shore
• kūlam: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kūla (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• tīram: riverbank/shore
• tīram: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tīra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; apposition to 'kūlam'

• bhāreśvara-iti: (called) Bhāreśvara
• bhāreśvara-iti: Marker/Quotation (इति-प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bhāreśvara (प्रातिपदिक) + iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotative particle 'iti' with name; 'iti' = avyaya (उद्धरण-निपात)

• ca: and
• ca: Conjunction (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Samuccaya-avyaya (समुच्चय)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced; tīrtha-māhātmya style proclamation)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Bhāreśvara-tīrtha (Revā-uttara-kūla)

Type: ghat

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A clear topographic cue: the north bank of the Narmadā with a marked ford named Bhāreśvara; pilgrims bathe at dawn, then proceed to a Śiva shrine; Kārttika moon and lamps indicate the season and Śivarātri night.

Characters & Entities

• Śivarātri
• Kārttika
• Revā (Narmadā)
• Bhāreśvara Tīrtha

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Time (Kārttika Śivarātri) and place (Revā’s Bhāreśvara tīrtha) together intensify spiritual merit.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Bhāreśvara tīrtha on the northern bank of the Revā (Narmadā).

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Observance of Śivarātri—particularly in Kārttika—at the Revā riverbank tīrtha.