Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 118

Devanagari script

इत्थं स नर्मदातीरे सम्प्राप्तस्तीर्थमुत्तमम् । गत्वा चतुर्दशीदिने ह्युपवासकृतक्षणः

Transliteration

itthaṃ sa narmadātīre samprāptastīrthamuttamam | gatvā caturdaśīdine hyupavāsakṛtakṣaṇaḥ

Translation

ดังนี้พระองค์เสด็จถึงตีรถะอันประเสริฐ ณ ฝั่งแม่น้ำนรมทา ครั้นมาถึงในวันจตุรทศี ก็ทรงถืออุโบสถอดอาหารในกาลนั้น

Word by Word

• ittham: thus
• ittham: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ittham (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (manner adverb)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• narmadātīre: on the bank of Narmadā
• narmadātīre: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: narmadā + tīra (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (singular)

• samprāptaḥ: having arrived
• samprāptaḥ: Kriya (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam + pra + āp (धातु) → prāpta (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• tīrtham: sacred ford
• tīrtham: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tīrtha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन

• uttamam: excellent
• uttamam: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: uttama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; विशेषणम्

• gatvā: having gone
• gatvā: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: gam (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव

• caturdaśīdine: on the fourteenth day
• caturdaśīdine: Adhikarana (Time/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caturdaśī + dina (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (neuter), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (singular)

• hi: indeed
• hi: Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/indeed)

• upavāsakṛtakṣaṇaḥ: one who had performed the fasting observance
• upavāsakṛtakṣaṇaḥ: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upavāsa + kṛta + kṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (singular); विशेषणम्

Speaker

Narrator

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Bhāreśvara (implied)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Assembly (frame assumed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: The king reaches the Narmadā tīrtha; on caturdaśī he undertakes a fast, seated near the river with controlled senses, lamps and offerings prepared for Śiva worship.

Characters & Entities

• Narmadā (Revā)
• caturdaśī (tithi)
• upavāsa (fasting)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Timing and discipline matter: observing vrata elements (like fasting) at a sacred river tīrtha intensifies purification and devotional focus.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The ‘excellent tīrtha’ on Narmadā’s bank—contextually Bhāreśvara muktitīrtha.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Upavāsa (fasting) on caturdaśī (the fourteenth lunar day).