Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 40

Devanagari script

त्रिगुणं चोपवासेन स्नानेन च चतुर्गुणम् । संन्यासं कुरुते यस्तु प्राणत्यागं करोति वा

Transliteration

triguṇaṃ copavāsena snānena ca caturguṇam | saṃnyāsaṃ kurute yastu prāṇatyāgaṃ karoti vā

Translation

ด้วยการอุปวาส ผลย่อมเป็นสามเท่า และด้วยการอาบน้ำชำระย่อมเป็นสี่เท่า และผู้ใดกระทำสันน्यास ณ ที่นั้น หรือแม้สละชีวิตลงที่นั่น,

Word by Word

• त्रिगुणम्: threefold
• त्रिगुणम्: Karta (Subject complement/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्रि + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); द्विगु (त्रयः गुणाः यस्य)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• उपवासेन: by fasting
• उपवासेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Instrumental, Singular)

• स्नानेन: by bathing
• स्नानेन: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्नान (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Instrumental, Singular)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• चतुर्गुणम्: fourfold
• चतुर्गुणम्: Karta (Subject complement/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् + गुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Neuter, Nominative, Singular); द्विगु (चत्वारः गुणाः यस्य)

• संन्यासम्: renunciation
• संन्यासम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संन्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular)

• कुरुते: undertakes, does
• कुरुते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद (Present, 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Nominative, Singular)

• तु: indeed
• तु: Sambandha (Discourse particle/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle)

• प्राणत्यागम्: giving up of life-breath
• प्राणत्यागम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण + त्याग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (Masculine, Accusative, Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (प्राणानां त्यागः)

• करोति: does
• करोति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद (Present, 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada)

• वा: or
• वा: Sambandha (Alternative/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)

Speaker

Sūta (Lomaharṣaṇa) (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Aṅkūreśvara

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: King / Yudhiṣṭhira (frame implied)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Pilgrims at a tīrtha observe fasting with calm faces, perform snāna at dawn, and a renunciant stands with staff and ochre cloth; the atmosphere suggests a threshold between worldly life and liberation-oriented resolve.

Characters & Entities

• Upavāsa
• Snāna
• Saṃnyāsa
• Prāṇatyāga

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Austerity amplifies spiritual results, and ultimate dedication—renunciation or dying at a sacred site—is portrayed as supremely transformative.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The teaching continues within the Aṅkūreśvara-tīrtha māhātmya.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Upavāsa (fasting) and snāna (bathing) as merit-multipliers; also mentions saṃnyāsa and prāṇatyāga at the tīrtha.