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Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 89

Devanagari script

मृतस्यैव तु यद्दानं परोक्षे तत्समं स्मृतम् । स्वहस्तेन ततो देयं मृते कः कस्य दास्यति । इति मत्वा महाराज स्वदत्तं स्यान्महाफलम्

Transliteration

mṛtasyaiva tu yaddānaṃ parokṣe tatsamaṃ smṛtam | svahastena tato deyaṃ mṛte kaḥ kasya dāsyati | iti matvā mahārāja svadattaṃ syānmahāphalam

Translation

แต่ทานที่ทำเพื่อผู้ตายแล้ว และทำในยามที่เขาไม่อยู่ ถือว่าได้ผลเพียงเสมอ (อย่างจำกัด) ดังนั้นพึงให้ด้วยมือตนเอง—เมื่อความตายมาถึง ใครจะให้แก่ใครเล่า? เมื่อใคร่ครวญดังนี้ ข้าแต่มหาราช ทานที่ตนให้เองย่อมมีผลยิ่งใหญ่

Word by Word
मृतस्यof a dead person
मृतस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √मृ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन — Genitive singular; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) used substantively “of the dead (person)”
एवindeed
एव:
Nipata (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक-निपात — Emphatic particle
तुbut
तु:
Nipata (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/अन्वयार्थक-निपात — Adversative/contrast particle
यत्which
यत्:
Sambandha (Relative)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular (relative)
दानम्gift/charity
दानम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन — Nominative singular
परोक्षेin (one's) absence
परोक्षे:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootपरोक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन — Locative singular; “in absence/indirectly”
तत्that
तत्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular
समम्equal
समम्:
Karta-predicative (Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular
स्मृतम्is regarded
स्मृतम्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√स्मृ (धातु) + स्मृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; भूतकृदन्त (PPP) — “is considered/remembered” (impersonal passive sense)
स्वहस्तेनwith one's own hand
स्वहस्तेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + हस्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3), एकवचन — Instrumental singular; तत्पुरुष (स्वस्य हस्तः)
ततःtherefore
ततः:
Hetu/Anantarya (Reason/sequence)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; तस्मात्-अर्थे — Ablatival adverb “therefore/then”
देयम्should be given
देयम्:
Kriya (Obligation/विधि)
TypeAdjective
Root√दा (धातु) + देय (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन; विधेयार्थक-कर्तव्यता (gerundive) — “to be given/should be given”
मृतेwhen dead
मृते:
Adhikarana (Condition/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootमृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √मृ)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7), एकवचन — Locative singular; “when (one is) dead”
कःwho
कः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन — Nominative singular (interrogative)
कस्यto whom/of whom
कस्य:
Sampradana/Sambandha (Recipient relation)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6), एकवचन — Genitive singular (interrogative)
दास्यतिwill give
दास्यति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√दा (धातु)
Formलृट् (भविष्यत्), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम् — Simple future, 3rd person singular
इतिthus
इति:
Vacana-suchaka (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; उद्धरणसूचक — Quotative particle
मत्वाhaving considered
मत्वा:
Purvakala (Prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√मन् (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (absolutive) — Having thought/considered
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8), एकवचन — Vocative singular; कर्मधारय (महान् राजा)
स्वदत्तम्one's own gift (given personally)
स्वदत्तम्:
Karta/karma (Topic/that which is given)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + दत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दा)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular; तत्पुरुष (स्वेन दत्तम् = given by oneself)
स्यात्would be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम् — Optative, 3rd person singular
महाफलम्great fruit/reward
महाफलम्:
Karta-predicative (Predicate noun)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1/2), एकवचन — Nom./Acc. singular; कर्मधारय (महद् फलम्)
Speaker

Narratorial/ritual-instruction voice addressing a king (mahārāja)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā-khaṇḍa dāna-mahātmya (general)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: mahārāja / mahīpāla (king)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: An elder donor giving with his own hands while time (as a shadow) approaches; in the background, a funeral scene shows the limitation of posthumous gifts; the foreground radiates merit from direct giving.

Characters & Entities
M
Mahārāja (king)

FAQs

Do dharma now: personal, intentional giving while alive is exalted, whereas delayed or proxy charity is portrayed as spiritually weaker.

No single site is named; the verse is a dharma-teaching within the Revā Khaṇḍa’s Vaitaraṇī-dāna context.

Give with one’s own hand (svahasta) while alive; do not postpone charity to a time when one cannot act.

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