Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 37

Devanagari script

विष्णुः शक्रो यमो धाता मित्रोऽथ वरुणस्तथा । विवस्वान्सविता पूषा चण्डांशुर्भर्ग एव च

Transliteration

viṣṇuḥ śakro yamo dhātā mitro'tha varuṇastathā | vivasvānsavitā pūṣā caṇḍāṃśurbharga eva ca

Translation

“วิษณุ ศักระ(อินทรา) ยมะ ธาตฤ มิตร และวรุณะ; วีวัสวาน สวิตฤ ปูษัน จัณฑางศุ และภรคะ”—

Word by Word

• विष्णुः: Viṣṇu
• विष्णुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विष्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• शक्रः: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• यमः: Yama
• यमः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• धाता: Dhātā (the Creator/Sustainer)
• धाता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: धातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मित्रः: Mitra
• मित्रः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अथ: and/then
• अथ: Sambandha (Discourse connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अनन्तरार्थक (particle: 'then/and')

• वरुणः: Varuṇa
• वरुणः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तथा: likewise/also
• तथा: Sambandha (Adverbial/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अव्यय-क्रियाविशेषण (adverb: 'thus/likewise')

• विवस्वान्: Vivasvān (Sun)
• विवस्वान्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• सविता: Savitā
• सविता: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पूषा: Pūṣā
• पूषा: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• चण्डांशुः: Caṇḍāṃśu (the fierce-rayed Sun)
• चण्डांशुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चण्ड + अंशु (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारय-प्राय (चण्डः अंशुः = fierce-rayed)

• भर्गः: Bharga (radiance)
• भर्गः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (Emphasis/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चयार्थक/अवधारण (particle: 'indeed/only')

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction: 'and')

Speaker

Sūta (deduced)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā) tīrtha context (Revākhaṇḍa)

Type: ghat

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Pārtha (addressed as Bhārata/Pārtha in the sequence)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A litany of solar epithets is recited as the Sun is envisioned as the inner unity behind multiple deities—Viṣṇu, Indra, Yama, Dhātṛ, Mitra, Varuṇa, Vivasvān, Savitṛ, Pūṣan, Caṇḍāṃśu, Bharga—radiating from a single orb above a sacred riverbank.

Characters & Entities

• Viṣṇu
• Śakra (Indra)
• Yama
• Dhātṛ
• Mitra
• Varuṇa
• Vivasvān
• Savitṛ
• Pūṣan
• Caṇḍāṃśu
• Bharga

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sūrya is praised as the one radiance appearing through many divine offices; naming these forms is a contemplative act of unity-in-diversity.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The names are meant for japa within the Revā Khaṇḍa worship setting (after bathing/temple pūjā), tying Sūrya-upāsanā to the local tīrtha practice.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Recitation of these divine names as a mantra/nāma-japa sequence for Sūrya worship.